10 SIMIAD.E. 



the last molar tooth of the lower jaw has five tubercles, the other two 

 true molars with four tubercles ; tail, short. 



The monkeys of this genus have a somewhat prominent muzzle, and 

 protruded superciliary ridge ; the nostrils open obliquely at some distance 

 above the end of the muzzle ; their canines are very strong, and the first 

 molars are inclined backwards to make room for the large upper canine. 

 The limbs are strong and compact, and they are as much terrestrial as 

 arboreal. They eat frogs, crabs, lizards, and insects, as readily as 

 vegetable food. Their callosities are large, as are their cheek-pouches, 

 and they have also laryngeal expansions. Their tails are short. They 

 are quiet and intelligent in- youth, but become ferocious and untameable 

 in old age. 



6. Imms silenus, 



Simla apud LINNAEUS. S. leonina, SHAW. Silenus veter, GRAY. 

 BLYTH, Cat. 12. HORSFIELD, Cat. 23. Nil bandar, Beng. Shia 

 bandar, H. Nella manthi, Mai. 



THE LION MONKEY. 



Descr. Black, with a reddish white hood or beard surrounding the 

 face and neck ; tail, with a tuft of hair at the tip. 



Length of one, about two feet ; tail, 10 inches. 



This well-known monkey has been bandied about in several genera, 

 some making him a Papio, others a Cynocephalus, and many a Macacus ; 

 whilst Lesson, followed by Gray, places him as a distinct genus. It cer- 

 tainly has the baboon-like characters, viz., the stronger teeth, more 

 lengthened face, and the tufted tail more strongly marked than others. 

 Till lately it has been looked upon in Europe as a native of Ceylon as 

 well as of the Southern parts of India, and the name Wanderoo, applied 

 to it by Buffon, is properly the Ceylonese name of the Langurs ; but 

 Templeton and Layard pointed out that it was never found on that 

 island. It is a native of the more elevated forests of the Western Ghats 

 of India from N. L. 14 to the extreme South, but most abundant in 

 Cochin and Travancore. It is said to occur still further North up to 

 Goa, N. L. 15^, but I have no authentic information of its occurrence 

 so high. It frequents the most dense and unfrequented parts of the 

 forest, always, as far as I have observed it, at a considerable elevation, 

 and I had often traversed the Malabar forests before I first fell in with 

 it. This was at the top of the Cotiaddy pass, leading from Malabar into 



