CYXOFTERUS MARGIKATUS. 21 



mens are often deeply tinged with dark ferruginous throughout, but fade 

 quickly on drying. 



This bat is found throughout all India, from the Himalayas to Cape 

 Comorin and Ceylon. It roosts during the day in clusters on the folded 

 leaves of the plantain, Palmyra palm, and other trees. It is exclusively 

 frugivorous in habit. 



Several species are recorded, apparently very closely allied, and some 

 of them perhaps not distinct. C. affinis, Gray, from the Himalayas, is 

 usually considered the same. It may, however, be distinct, and is perhaps 

 Hodgson's P. pyrivorus in part, described as " wholly earthy brown, nude 

 skin of lips, of joints, and the toes fleshy gray; length, 6 inches ; expanse, 

 24 ; weight, 5 oz."* 



Of this family, other JTgenera are antharpyia, and Epomophorus fro m 

 Africa ; and Macroglossus, the type of which is Pt. minimus^ from Tenas- 

 serira and Malayan a. 



The rest of this sub-order are all insectivorous. They have true molars, 



3 3 



, beset with pointed tubercles adapted for crushing the hard cases 



OO 



of beetles, &c. The canines are often of large size. The gape is large. 

 The fore-feet have the thumb clawed, the hind -feet without a claw. Index 

 with one or two bony phalanges. The stomach is small and simple, and 

 the intestinal canal short, being only about twice the length of the body, 

 or less. They are found all over the world. They are called Gadal 

 Chamgidar in Hindustani ; Chamgiiddri, Beng.; Chidgu, at Bhagulpore, 

 Gabbelay and Jiburai in Telugu ; Kanka-pati in Canarese ; Phiyu longtd, 

 Bhotia ; and Brin, Lepcha. 



Fam. VAMPYRID.E. 

 A. nose-leaf, either simple or complicated. 



Sub-fam. MEGADERMATIX^E. 

 Nose-leaf complicated. Index-finger of two joints. 



Gen. MEGADERMA, Geoffrey. 



Char. Incisors, - ; molars, -H-. Nose furnished with a complicated 

 4 o 5 



* I see that in the last edition of Hodgson's Catalogue, by Mr. Gray, P. 

 pyrivorus is given, in addition to Cynopterus marginatus, from the Sikim Terai. 

 This, if really distinct, may be C. affinis, as noted above ; or Pteropus dussumierii. 



