CEKVCJS AFFINIS. 253 



at Barrackpore, and we still possess what were evidently his horns. I 

 have now compared them carefully with mature horns of both Hungal 

 and Shou ; and though it is impossible to pronounce with confidence, I 

 incline rather to assign them to the former, considering also the locality 

 and the dimensions of the young buck as given by Hardwicke." 



Judging from the figure alone, I am inclined to think that it represents 

 Cervas affinis, both from the peculiar light colour of the pelage, and the 

 larger white disk. In this case the Shou would stand as C. Wallichii, and 

 the Kashmir stag as C. cashmiriensis, Falconer. It is a point reserved for 

 future travellers and sportsmen to ascertain the limits of C. Wallichii 

 east, and C. affinis west ; for, as Dr. Sclater remarks, " it would be con- 

 trary to all analogy to find two species of the same type inhabiting one 

 district." In the new edition of the Catalogue of Hodgson's Collections, 

 the native names given are Sia rupchu, and Shou of Tibet. I presume that 

 this is a misprint, and that Sia is given as the name of this deer in 

 Rupchu, which would be a more western locality than hitherto recorded. 



Other species of true elaphine deer are, besides the Wapiti and the 

 Red-deer, Cervus barbarus, Bennett, from North Africa ; C. sika, Schlegel, 

 from Japan ; C. mantchuricus and C. taiouanus, Swiuhoe, respectively 

 from Mantchuria and Formosa. Of these C. barbarus and C. sika appear 

 never to show the second basal tine. All the species, except C. affinis, 

 are now living in the Zoological Gardens, London. 



The Reindeer, Tarandus rangifer, from the glacial regions of both 

 continents, and the Fallow-deer, Dama vulgaris, spread through Europe, 

 belong to this sub-family ; and both of them have the horns more or less 

 flattened. The former has no muffle. The Elk or Moose-deer, A Ices 

 machlis, Ogilby, from the marshy forests of the north of both continents, 

 has the horns still more flattened, and is the giant of the deer tribe. It 

 has a small muffle. It is said to stand 6 feet high, and some pairs of 

 horns are known to weigh 66 lb., and to have fourteen points on each 

 horn. It is placed by some in a separate sub-family, Alcince. 



Sub-fam. RUSIN^E. 



With one basal tine and no median tine. Summit more or less 

 branched, generally with only one subterminal tine. Muffle high. 



This group, which includes the Samber, the Spotted Deer, and theKakur 

 or Muntjac, is peculiar to the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia 

 and its archipelago, or to the Indian kingdom, taken in its widest sense. 



