x INTRODUCTION TO ZOOLOGY 



CHAPTER IV 



PAGE 



PHYLUM III. : PORIFERA . . . . . . . 52 



Different types of Sponge, their affinities ; classification ; direc- 

 tions for practical work. 



CHAPTER V 



PHYLUM IV. : ECHINODERMATA ..... 60 



CLASS 1. Asteroidea. The Starfish, Sunstars. CLASS 2. Ophi- 

 uroidea. The Brittle-stars. CLASS 3. Echinoidea. Sea- 

 urchins. CLASS 4. Holothuria. Sea-cucumbers. CLASS 5. 

 Crinoidea. Sea-lilies. Echinoderm development. Classifica- 

 tion ; directions for practical work. 



CHAPTER VI 



PHYLUM V. : ANNELIDA . . . . . . .71 



CLASS 1. Ohaetopoda, SUB-CLASS Oligochaeta. Earthworms ; 

 their action on the soil. River-worms. Directions for prac- 

 tical work. 



CHAPTER VII 



PHYLUM V. : ANNELIDA (continued} . . . . .83 



CLASS 1. Chaetopoda, SUB-CLASS Polychaeta (the Bristle- 

 worms of the sea). The Paddle- worm, Sea-mouse, Lug- 

 worm, Sand Mason, Comb-worm, Sabella, Serpula, Pomato- 

 ceros, Spirorbis. CLASS 2. Hirudinea. The Horse Leech, the 

 Medicinal Leech. Affinities of worms. Classification of Anne- 

 lida ; directions for practical work. 



CHAPTER VIII 



PHYLA VI., VIL, VIII., AND IX.: PLATYHELMINTHES, 



NEMATODA, POLYZOA, AND EOTIFERA . . .94 



Platyhelminthes. Whirl - worms, Liver - flukes, and Tape- 

 worms. Nematoda. Thread- worms. Polyzoa. Sea-mats and 

 Corallines. Rotifera. Wheel Animalcules. Classification ; 

 directions for practical work. 



