AQUILA. 33 



paler on the tarsal feathers. Under tail coverts pale huffy fawn, some of the 

 under wing coverts also marked with a terminal triangular spot of the same 

 colour. Bill, feet, and gape yellow. Cere greenish. 



Hab. South-Eastern Europe, N.-W. India, and the Himalayas, extending 

 into Siberia. 



It has been found in Nepal and in Kumaon and Gurhwal in the N.-W. 

 Provinces. Of its nidification nothing certain is known, and this is owing chiefly 

 to the vexed question whether or not, Radde's Imperialist Gray's bifasciata 

 nczvia, and punctata are not identical with this species. There are marked 

 differences, but the various stages and colouration of plumage of this order and 

 the present uncertainty of the validity of the typical specimens of the various 

 stages compel me to accept Mr. Sharpe's description of this Russian Eagle as 

 distinct from those above referred to. 



29. Aquila vindhiana, Franki. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 114; stricki, 



Orn. Syn. p. 59 ; Sharpe, Cat. Ace. p. 244. Aquila punctata. Gray, in Gr. <J- 

 Hard. III. Ind. ZooL i. pi. 16. Aquila fusca, id. Op. Cit. ii. pi. 26. Aquila 

 fulvescens, id. Op. Cit. ii. pi. 29 ; Jerd. B. of Ind. i. p. 60, No. 29 ; Hume, 

 Rough Notes, i. p. 173; Stray Feathers, i. p. 158; Murray, Hdbk. Zool. fyc. 

 Sind, p. 109; id. Vert. Zool. Sind, p. 76. Wokhab, Hind ; Ukab Sind. The 

 TAWNY EAGLE. 



Young. Above glossy purplish brown with distinct fulvous tips to the 

 feathers, broader on lower back, rump and upper tail coverts ; head and neck 

 all round and entire under parts greyish mouse colour, with distinct points 

 to all the feathers of the head and neck, absent on the under surface, 

 excepting a few remains on the tips of the abdominal and lower throat 

 feathers ; lores and chin whitish, with narrow black shaft lines, the latter also 

 apparent on the cjieeks and ear coverts, which are mouse grey, like the breast ; 

 tarsal feathers and under tail coverts more fulvescent ; under wing coverts 

 mouse grey with pale fulvous tips ; upper wing coverts ashy brown, with a 

 very slight purplish gloss, but not so dark as the back, nor so grey as the head, 

 though tipped like the latter with fulvous ; greater and primary coverts, as 

 well as the secondaries, deep brown, with whitish ends ; primaries black, 

 slightly shaded with brown near the base ; lower surface of wing ashy brown, 

 blackish towards tips of primaries ; the inner webs of all slightly mottled with 

 greyish. Tail purplish brown, tipped with buffy white ; all the feathers shaded 

 with ashy grey, forming indistinct bars on the centre feathers, on which 

 remains of eleven or twelve can be counted. 



Length. 28 inches; wing 2075 ; tail n ; tarsus 3*2. 



Adult Female* General colour fulvous or tawny brown, most of the fea- 



thers with lighter margins, especially on the least wing coverts ; the median 



coverts darker brown, but not so glossy as the back, with fulvous margins ; 



greater and primary coverts, as well as secondaries, tipped with fulvous ; 



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