RUTICILLA. 323 



colouring is duller than that of the male. Axillaries are drab and not chestnut 

 in colour, the under tail coverts only are suffused with chestnut, the belly and 

 flanks being pale drab. 



Hab. The Himalayas, where and in the pine regions of the Caucasus, 

 Turkestan, and the mountain ranges between Thibet and China, Seebohm 

 says, it breeds in the birch and pine regions. It is said to have occurred in 

 the N.-W. Provinces of India, and is known from Nepaul, Cashmere," and 

 Bhootan, also Yarkand. In habits it is not unlike its congeners. Jerdon 

 mentions it from Kumaon, and that a pair was seen by Dr. Stewart near 

 Landour at the side of a stream. 



401. Ruticilla erythronota, (Eversm.} Bp. Consp. i. p. 297; 



Blanf. East Pers. ii. p. 167; Seebohm, Cat. B. Br. Mus.v. p. 34. Sylvia 

 erythronota, Eversm., Add. Pall. Zoogr. Rosso.- Asiat.fasc. ii. p. no. Ruticilla 

 rufogularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 27, pi. lix; Hume, Ibis, 1870, p. 530. 

 EVERSMANN'S REDSTART. 



Adult male in full autumn plumage. Head and nape grey ; a narrow line 

 at the base of the upper mandible ; lores, ear coverts and sides of the neck 

 black, each feather more or less conspicuously tipped with brown; back, rump 

 and upper tail coverts bright chestnut, the feathers of the former fringed with 

 brown j scapulars black, also fringed with brown ; quills brown ; innermost 

 secondaries darker and with their outer webs margined with white ; primary 

 coverts white, broadly tipped with dark brown ; greater wing coverts dark 

 brown, narrowly tipped with white ; median wing coverts white ; tail bright 

 chestnut, except the two central feathers and the terminal half of the outer web 

 of the outermost feather on each side, which are black, occasionally mixed with 

 chestnut ; chin and throat, breast and flanks, bright chestnut, sometimes 

 obscurely tipped with buffish, which is the colour of the belly ; under tail coverts 

 shaded with chestnut ; axillaries white ; bill, legs, feet and claws black ; 4th 

 and 5th primaries sub-equal and longest. 



Length. Wing 3-5 inches ; tail 275 to 2-85 ; culmen 0-46 to 0-6 ; tarsus 

 0-9 to i'O. 



The female is similar to the male, except that the back and under parts 

 (not including the under tail coverts) are greyish brown. 



Hab. Persia, Afghanistan, N.-W. Provinces, Kashgar, and the N.-W. 

 Himalayas generally. Seebohm says it breeds in the pine and birch regions 

 of Turkestan, S.-W. Mongolia, and S.-E. Siberia. 



402. Ruticilla frontaliS, (Vigors) Gray, Cat. Mam. 8fc. t Nepaul, 

 Coll. Bodgs.; Seebohm, Cat. B. Br. Mus. v. p. 305. Phoenicura frontalis, 

 Vig. P. Z. S. 1831,?. 172; Gould, Cent. Him. B. pi. xxvi. fig. i; Blyth 



