CRINIGER. 29 



441. Criniger phaeocephalus (Hartlaub.), Wald. Ibis, 1871, 



p. 169, f. 2 ; Salvad. Ucc. Born. p. 207 ; Hume and Dav. Str. F. vi. p. 302 ; 

 Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 98; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. vi. p. 74; Gates, 

 B. Br. Burmah i. p. 183. Ixos phaeocephalus, Hartl. Re-). Zool. 1844, 

 p. 401. The GREY-HEADED BULBUL. 



Entire head from the forehead to the nape dark slaty grey ; lores, ear-coverts 

 and sides of the head pale grey ; cheeks, chin and throat white ; remainder 

 of lower plumage deep yellow, suffused with olive-green on the flanks and 

 sides of the breast ; upper plumage with the wing coverts olive green ; tail 

 rufous brown, brighter on the edges of the outer webs ; wings brown, the 

 outer webs edged with ruddy olive and the tertiaries wholly of this colour. Legs 

 and feet fleshy white to fleshy pinkish yellow. Bill pale plumbeous ; irides 

 snuff brown. 



Length. 7-6 to 87 inches ; wing 3-35 to 3-37 ; tail 3-25 to 3-62 ; tarsus 

 075 to 0-8. 



Hab. Sumatra, Borneo and the Malay Peninsula, ranging into the forests 

 in the neighbourhood of Tenasserim. (Sharpe.) Gates says the Grey-headed 

 Bulbul occurs in the extreme south of Tenasserim about Malewoon and 

 Bankasoon, where it appears to be common. They are characterized by a 

 loud harsh note, which is incessantly uttered when the birds are disturbed. 

 They are generally met with in small parties. 



442. Criniger flaveolus (Gould}, Biyth J. A. S. B. xvi. p 571 ; 



Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 83 ; Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. B. p. 283 ; id. Str. F. 

 1879, p. 98 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. vi. p. 77. Trichophorus flaveolus, 

 Gould, P. Z. S., 1836, p. 6. The WHITE-THROATED BULBUL. 



Above dark olive yellow, the upper tail coverts with a slightly ruddy tinge ; 

 least and median wing coverts like the back ; the greater and primary coverts 

 as well as the quills externally edged with olive yellow ; tail ruddy brown, 

 the bases of the feathers edged with olive ; head olive brown, the feathers long 

 and forming a crest, a^ll margined with yellowish ; lores greyish white ; ear- 

 coverts white shafted ; cheeks and throat white ; under surface of body bright 

 yellow, slightly tinged with olive on the flanks ; under wing coverts and axil- 

 laries yellow. Bill light or greyish plumbeous ; legs pale fleshy yellow ; iris 

 brown- red. 



Length. 8 to 8-5 inches; wing 3-95 to 4; tail 3*65 to 3*7; tarsus 075 

 to O*8 ; culmen o'8. 



Hab. The Himalayas, extending to the hills of Assam, Sylhet, Arrakan 

 and Khasia. Jerdon says it is chiefly found at from 2,000 to 5,OOO feet. 

 He got several specimens from the vicinity of Darjeeling, but did not himself 

 observe it. Hume received a nest from Darjeeling, found in July. It was 

 placed on the branches of a medium sized tree at about 5 feet from the 

 ground. It was compact, rather shallow, saucer-shaped, and about 5*5 inches 



