XENOCICHLA. 33 



the highest portions of the mountains. It occurs also in the Dafla and Khasia 

 hills in Eastern Bengal, also in Sikkim and Nepaul. It is said by Jerdon to 

 keep to the tops of high trees, going in small parties, and to have a loud 

 mellow warble, uttered both when feeding and on the wing. It feeds chiefly 

 on fruit and sometimes on insects. 



Gen. Trachycomus.* Cab. 



Bill moderate ; tarsus longer than culmen ; rictal bristles feeble ; no dis- 

 tinct rictal hairs. 



447. Trachycomus ochrocephalus, Gmel., Cab. Mus. Hein. 



Tfi. I. p. 109; Moore, P. Z. S. 1854, p. 279; Hume, Str. F., 1873, p. 455 ; 

 Blyth* Wald. B. Burm. p. 133; Salvad UcC. Born. p. 196; Sharpe, Ibis, 

 p. 38 ; Hume and Dav., Str. F., 1878, p. 300 ; Hume, Str. F., 1879, pp. 61, 

 98; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. vi. p. 93. Turdus ochrocephalus, Gmel., Syst. 

 Nat. I. p. 821. Alcurus ochrocephalus, Wald., Ibis, 1872, p. 379. The 

 YELLOW-CROWNED BULBUL. 



Forehead, crown, a patch under the eye, branching out into two streaks 

 extending over and under the ear coverts straw yellow ; upper plumage 

 and lesser wing coverts ashy brown, dashed with green ; all the feathers 

 except those of the rump with conspicuous white shafts, and the upper tail 

 coverts margined with olive green ; greater coverts, wing and tail dark 

 brown margined with olive green ; ear-coverts brown with white shafts ; lores 

 and cheeks black ; chin and throat white ; breast and sides of the neck ashy 

 brown, with white shaft streaks ; abdomen and vent brownish white ; thighs 

 and under tail coverts ochraceous ; under wing coverts and axillaries 

 ochraceous brown (Gates) ; legs and feet dark horny brown or black ; bill 

 black ; irides litharge red (Dav.) 



Length. 9^5 to II inches; wing 4*6; tail 4/8 ; tarsus i'O; bill from 

 gape 1/2. 



Hab. Java, Sumatra and Borneo, ranging through the Malay peninsula to 

 the southernmost districts of Tenasserim, inhabiting scrub and jungle. 



Its habits appear to be those of the preceding, except that it descends and 

 feeds on the ground, an unusual thing for forest Bulbuls to do. 



Gen. Xenocichla. Hartl. 



General characters like those of Criniger, but with conspicuous hairs 

 springing from the nape. Nostrils oval, bare, and with a posterior membrane. 



448. Xenocichla icterica (Stn'dd.}, Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus., 



vi. p. 96. Criniger ictericus, Strickl., Ann. Nat. Hist. 1844, xiii. p. 411; 

 Jerd. B. Ind. ii. p. 82; Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. B p. 282; Bourd. 

 Str. F., 1876, p. 800 ; Fairbank, Str. F., 1877, p. 405 ; Hume, Str. F., 1879, 

 5 



