78 IIMELIID/E. 



Head and nape rich chestnut ; hind neck mottled, the feathers black, edged 

 with olive or ashy grey on the sides of the neck ; lores black, sides of crown 

 streaked with black, also some of the feathers of the sinciput ; ear coverts black, 

 with silvery white margins to the feathers* the bases of the feathers rufous ; 

 cheeks and throat black ; mantle and upper back olive brown ; lower back, rump 

 and upper tail coverts ashy olive ; wing coverts the same but washed with rufous, 

 the greater series chestnut ; bastard wing and primary coverts olive yellow ; 

 quills dusky brown, externally golden olive, ashy grey at their ends ; tail 

 feathers dull ashy, externally golden olive, brighter at the bases ; under surface 

 of the body fulvous or ochraceous buff, washed with ashy on the foreneck, 

 breast and flanks, as well as the thighs and under tail coverts ; foreneck and 

 breast mottled with crescentic spots and subterminal bars of black ; under 

 wing coverts and axillaries fulvous brown. Bill horny black ; feet brownish 

 fleshy ; irides greyish brown. (Scully.) 



Length. 9*8 to IO'5 inches ; wing 4*15 ; tail 4*8; tarsus 1*5 ; culmen 0*9. 



The young are lighter in colour, without any crescentic markings on the hind 

 neck ; lower back earthy brown ; breast unbarred rufescent brown. 



Hab. The N.-W. Himalayas to Nepaul. Common from Kumaon westwards 

 as far as the valley of the Beas, frequenting shady ravines, building in hollows and 

 their preciptous sides during May and June. Nest composed of dead leaves 

 bound round into a deep cup with delicate fronds of ferns and coarse and fine 

 grass and moss-roots. Eggs, long ovals, of a delicate pale greenish blue 

 ground colour with a few spots, streaks and streaky blotches of brownish red at 

 the large end. Size 1*15 to T22 x 0-8 to o'86. 



51L Trochalopterum chrysopterum (Gould}, Sharpe, Cat. B. 



Br. Mus. vii. p. 362. lanthocincla chrysoptera, Gould, P. Z. S. 1835, p. 48. 

 Crateropus chrysopterus, Blyth, J. A. S. Jleng.xi. p. 179. Garrulax chrysop- 

 terus, Blyth, J. A. S. B. ; Blyth, J. A. S. B. xii. p. 95- Trochalopteron 

 chrysopterum, Jerd. B. 2nd. ii. p. 43 ; Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. B. 

 p. 259; id. Str. F. 1879, P- 97- The YELLOW-WINGED LAUGHING 

 THRUSH. 



Upper surface particolored. Forehead dark rufous with black streaks ; lores 

 ashy black, over which is a black line forming an indistinct eye-brow ; sinci- 

 put and sides of the crown dark ashy grey, the former with black centres ; 

 occiput and nape dark chestnut ; hind neck, mantle and sides of the neck 

 reddish brown, each feather with a black subterminal bar ; upper back 

 reddish brown ; lower back, rump and upper tail covert ashy olive brown ; 

 lesser and median wing coverts reddish brown, the greater coverts chestnut ; 

 primary coverts and quills blackish, externally golden olive ; all the feathers 

 ashy towards the tips ; tail golden olive, dusky on the inner webs ; ear coverts 

 black, edged with silvery white ; cheeks and throat black, the former with 

 indistinct ashy margins ; lower throat and sides of the upper neck chestnut 

 brown ; breast and under surface reddish brown, the former mottled with black ; 



