TROCHALOPTERUM. 83 



grey, near the tips ; the secondaries olive greenwh on their outer webs, the 

 innermost tipped with ashy; central tail feathers golden olive green; lateral 

 feathers blackish washed with golden olive on their outer webs, and narrowly 

 lipped with white ; under surface of body pale ochraceous buff ; the feathers 

 mottled with dusky bases and olive margins ; throat dark ashy, shaded with 

 olive ; foreneck and chest dark olive brown, with a sub-terminal bar of pale 

 ochraceous, and edged with dusky brown"-; under tail coverts olive brown, as 

 are also the axillaries and under wing coverts. Bill dusky ; legs reddish 

 brown ; irides reddish brown. 



Length. $ to 9-5 inches ; wing 3-65 to 3'8 ; tail 3-8 to 3-9; tarsus 1-45 ; 

 culmen O'8. 



Hab. Eastern Himalayas ; Nepaul, Darjeeling, Sikkim. Breeds from 

 April to June in the central region of Nepaul in open forests and groves, build- 

 ing its nest on a low branch, 2 3 feet from the ground. Eggs 3 4, greenish 

 blue. 



519. Trochalopterum austeni, Jerd. Ibis, 1872, p. 304 ; 



B. Asia, pt. xxv. (1^73) ', Godwin-Austen, J. A. S. B. xxxix. p. 105 ; Hume, 

 Sir. F. 1875, p. 414 ; 1879, p. 97 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. vii. p. 369. 

 AUSTEN'S LAUGHING-THRUSH. 



Above reddish brown, more or less olivaceous on the lower back and rump ; 

 wing coverts like the back, the greater series rufous, tipped with yellowish 

 white, with a sub-terminal bar of black ; bastard wing feathers externally ashy 

 olive ; primary coverts rufous, tipped with dusky blackish ; quills dusky, the 

 primaries externally grey ; the secondaries externally rufous brown, like the 

 greater wing coverts, and tipped with white ; central tail feathers reddish 

 brown, the others blackish, their outer webs reddish brown, and tipped with 

 white. Crown of the head, hind neck and sides of the neck more rufous 

 than the back, and with yellowish shaft streaks ; lores ashy grey ; ear coverts 

 dark chestnut brown, with pale shaft streaks ; cheeks, throat, and foreneck 

 reddish brown, mottled with dusky bars, each feather having an obscure sub- 

 terminal paler bar ; under parts reddish Urown, barred with white ; abdomen 

 white, tipped with a bar of dusky ; under tail coverts olive brown, with pale 

 fulvescent tips ; under wing coverts and axillaries olive brown ; the lower 

 series dusky. (Sharpe.) 



Length. 10 inches ; wing 3-85 ; tail 4-5 ; tarsus 1-5 ; culmen 0*9. (Mus. 

 R. G. Wardlaw-Ramsay) (Sharpe.) 



Hab. Hill ranges of North-Eastern Bengal. 



520. Trochalopterum phoenicenm (Gould), Sharpe, Cat. B. 



Br. Mus. vii. p. 371. lanthocincla phcenicea, Gould, Icones A vium. pi. 3. 

 Garrulax phceniceus, Blyth, J. A. S B. xii. p. 951.- Trochalopteron 

 phceniceum, Gra-v, Cat. Mamm., &c., Nepaul^ p. 83 ; Bp. Consp. i. p. 372 ; 



