LANIUS. 207 



and Arrakan, is abundant in the grassy plains which lie between the Pegu and 

 Sittang rivers. He observed it at Prome, and Captain Wardlaw-Ramsay pro- 

 cured it at Tonghoo. Mr. Hume received it from the mouth of the Bassein 

 river, and Mr. Davison found it in the northern portion of Tenasserim. It 

 has the usual habits of Shrikes, perching on bare branches or high stalks of 

 grass, and pouncing on insects on the ground. Mr. Thompson (Hume) says it 

 breeds all along the south-western termination of the Kumaon and Garhwal 

 forests in swampy, high grass lands, also in the high jungly tracts in Southern 

 Mirzapore, and in the Nepaul Valley (Hodgs.}, as well as at Darjeeling. The 

 nest is similar in shape and structure to those of the other shrikes, and the 

 markings on the eggs are rather sparse in the cream-coloured ground though 

 larger and more dense at the large end, and of a dark purplish colour. 

 Size 0-92 to o'95 x 07 to 073. 



704- LaniUS cristatUS, Linn., Sysl. Nat.\. p. 134; Jerd.,B. Ind. 



i. p. 406, No. 261; Wald., Ibis, 1867, p. 212; Beavan, Ibis,, 1870, p. 312; 

 Holdsivorth, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 436 ; Ball, Sir. F. 1873, p. 65; Hume, t.c. 

 p. 65 ; Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. B. p. 175 ; Blyth, and Wald., B. Burm. 

 p. 12 1 ; Fairbank, Sir. F. 1876, p. 256; Armstrong, t. c. p. 316; Hume, 

 Str.F. 1877, p. 29; Butler, Sir. F. 1877, p. 228 ; Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 377; 

 Hume, Sir. F. viii. p. 91 ; Bingham, Sir. F. ix. p. 172; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. 

 Mus. viii. p. 271; Oates, B. Br. Burm. i. p- 252; Murray, H'dbk. ZooL, 

 &V., Sind, p. 134; id., Vert. ZooL, Sind, p. 122. Lanius phoenicurus, 

 Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. i. p. 405; Wald., Ibis, 1867, pi. 5, fig. 2, p. 216; 

 1871, p. 173. The BROWN SHRIKE. 



A broad band from the lores through the eyes to the ear coverts dusky 

 brown ; head, tail and upper tail coverts rufous ; back rufous brown ; streak 

 over the eye white ; throat white ; rest of under surface fulvous ; wing dusky ; 

 the tertiaries margined rufous brown ; tail rufous brown. The young birds 

 and females have the feathers of the head, wings and lower parts edged with 

 brown and whitish. Bill horny above, below pinkish white ; irides brown. 



Length. 8-9 inches; wing 3'SO; tail 3-92 ; bill at front 0-50. 



From Lake Baikal to the Malay peninsula, and from Yarkand to the east 

 coast of China. Occurs during the winter months only, throughout India, 

 the Andamans and British Burmah. Found in Colombo, Kandy, Southern India 

 generally, the Deccan, Bengal, N.-W. Provinces, Sind, Punjab, Nepaul, 

 Mussoorie, Bhootan, Assam, Pegu and Tenasserim. 



705. Lanius lucionensis, Linn., Syst. Nat. i. p. 135; Wald., 



Ibis, 1867, p. 215 ; Hume, Sir. F. ii. p. 199; Wald., Trans.. ZooL Soc. ix. 

 p. 171, pi. xxix., fig. i ; David et. Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 99 ; Legge, B. Ceylon, 

 p. 378 ; Hume, Sir. F. viii. p. 91 ; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. Burm. i. p. 251. 

 Lanius Schwaneri, Wald.,_Ibis, 1867, p. 223. The PHILLIPINE SHRIKE. 



