212 CERTHIID^E. 



710. Certhia himalayana, Vig., P. Z. S. 1831, P . 174; Gould, 



B. Asia ii. pi. 17 ; Jerd.> B. Ind. i. p. 380, No. 243 ; Hume, Sir. F. 1877, 

 p. 78; Biddulph, Sir. F. ix. p. 31$; Reid, Cat. B. Prov. Mus. Luckn. 

 p. 46; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. Mus. viii. p. 327. The HIMALAYAN TREE- 

 CREEPER. 



Above dark brown, each feather centred with pale earthy olive brown ; some 

 of the feathers of the rump and upper tail coverts ferruginous at the tip ; 

 greater coverts ferruginous at the base, then dusky black with a light spot ; 

 quills brown, faintly barred on the outer web for half the length, and a broad 

 fulvous bar on the inner web ; first four primaries generally unspotted ; tail 

 brown, with numerous darker brown bars. Bill blackish ; legs brown black; 

 irides brown. 



Length $'$ inches; wing 2'6 to 27; tail 2-3 to 2-5; bill at front 0-5 ; 

 culmen 0-65. 



Hab. The Himalayas, from Cashmere to Assam and from Turkestan to 

 Afghanistan. Recorded from Pushut, Cashmere, Gilgit, Jellalabad, Almorah, 

 Kumaon, Ranibagh, Peshawar, Simla, Dehra-Doon, Nepaul and Assam. 



711- Certhia discolor, Biyth, J. A. S. B. 1845, p . 580; 1847, 



p. 864; id., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1847, p. 317; Jerd., B. Ind. i. p. 381, 

 No. 245; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. Mus. viii. p. 323. Certhia nipalensis, Hodgs. 

 (var. ?) apud, Gould, B. Asia, ii. pi. 16 (lower figure) ; teste Hume. 

 Certhia Stolickzae, Brooks, J. A. S. B. 1873, p. 256 ; Hume, Sir. F. 1877, 

 p. 78. The SIKKIM TREE-CREEPER. 



Above rufous brown, with diffused pale central spots ; the rump, upper tail 

 coverts and tail rufous or ferruginous ; tail unbarred ; chin, throat and breast 

 dull buff ; rest of under parts suffused with yellowish ochraceous ; under 

 tail coverts rusty ochraceous ; the first four primaries unspotted. 



Length. 575 to 6 inches ; wing 2*5 to 2-6; tail 3. 



Hab. The Himalayas, from Bhootan to Nepaul, extending into Cashmere 

 and Ladakh. Occurs at Darjeeling, in Sikkim, Nepaul, Bhootan and Ladakh. 



712. Certhia nipalensis, Hodgs., Icon. imd. in Br. Mus. p as . 



seres, Nos. 289 and 598 ; Biyth, J. A. S. B. 1845, p. 581 ; 1847, p. 864 ; 

 id., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1847, p. 317; Gould, B.Asia ii. pi. ID' 

 (upper figure) ; Jerd., B. Ind. i. p. 381, No. 244; Hume, Sir. F. 1877' 

 pp. 74-78 ; Gadow, Cat. B. Br. Mus. viii. p. 329. Certhia Mandellii, Brooks^ 

 Sir. F. 1873, p. 256. The NEPAUL TREE-CREEPER. 



Above rufous brown, with well-defined pale central spots of pale fulvous- 

 white ; rump and upper tail coverts unspotted deep ferruginous ; quills brown, 

 edged lighter; a pale fulvous bar on the outer webs of most of them, except 

 the first four. On the inner web the bars become somewhat oblique ; tail 

 unbarred light ferruginous brown, the central pair of feathers much elongated, 





