HIRUNDO. 261 



smaller chestnut patch on the forehead, less intense tints, whiter under parts, 

 and the narrowness of the band across the chest. 



Hab. Europe, Palestine, Africa, Natal, Malacca, Penang, Tenasserim, 

 Burmah, Sumatra, Borneo, China and Celebes; also Persia, Beloochistan, 

 Afghanistan, Eastern Turkestan, Nepaul and the whole Continent of India 

 and Ceylon. Other recorded localities are Behar, Darjeeling, Quilon in 

 Travancore, Nicobar Islands, Assam and Pegu. In Sind, as in other parts 

 of India, it is a winter visitant. Said to breed in Persia at heights from about 

 4,000 to 8,000 feet in the months of April and May. Hume says they also 

 breed along the whole line of the Himalayas from Cabul to Assam. The 

 nests are made of pellets of clay mingled with fur, straw, &c. The eggs 

 are 34 in number, thickly spotted with brownish red and inky purple. 

 In size the eggs vary from 0*7 to 0*84 inch in length and from 0*5 to 0*55 in 

 breadth. 



773. HimndO gllttliraliS, Scop., Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. ii. 

 p. 96; Temm. Man. cTOrn. i. p. 427; Blyth, J . A. S. B. xvi. p. 117; 

 Cab.,Mus. Hein. Th. i. p. 46; Jerd., B. Ind. i. p. 157 (pt); Hume, Ibis, 

 1876, p. 286; and 1877, p. 17; Tweed., P. Z. S. 1877, PP- 545> 694; Hume 

 and Davison, Sir. F. 1878, p. 41 ; Cripps, Sir. F. 1878, ii. p. 256 ; Bingham, 

 Sir. F. 1880, p. 48 ; Hume, t. c. p. 245; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. x. 

 p. 135. Hirundo panayana, Gm., Syst. Nat. i. p. 1018. Hirundo jewan, 

 Sykest P. Z. S. 1832, p. 83. Hirundo rustica (non. Linn.), Meyen., Nova. 

 Ada. Acad. Cas. Scop. Car. Nat. Cur. Suppl. taf. 10, fig. i. Hirundo 

 javanica, (iion. Sparrm.), Bp. Consp. i. p. 338; Hayes Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, 

 p. 405. Hirundo Andamanensis, Tytler and Beav. t Ibis, 1867, p. 316; 

 Hume, Sir. F. 1874, p. 155. Hirundo rustica, var. gutturalis, Seebohm, 

 Hist. Br. B. ii. p. 1 7 1 . The PANAYAN SWALLOW. 



Above glossy purplish blue, the white bases of the feathers of the mantle 

 showing through ; forehead, chin and throat deep ferruginous ; lores blackish ; 

 ear coverts purplish blue ; sides of the foreneck purplish blue, the collar not 

 complete but slightly broken with a few blue spots on the feathers ; wing 

 coverts like the back ; bastard wing, primary coverts and quills blackish, 

 washed externally with glossy blue ; tail washed with blue ; all but the centre 

 feathers with a large oval white spot on the inner web, becoming an oblique 

 patch on the outermost feathers ; under surface from the chest downwards 

 white, including the thighs and under tail coverts ; the flanks with a very faint 

 tinge of smoky brown ; axillaries and under wing coverts pale smoky brown. 

 (Sharpe.) Bill black ; feet brown ; iris black. (David.) The adult female is 

 similar in colour. 



Length. 6'2 to 6'8 inches ; wing 47 ; tail 3 ; tarsus 0-45. 

 Hab. N.-E. Asia, S. China, the Burmese countries and the Malayan 

 Peninsula, straying into India more rarely. It is recorded from N.-W. India, 



