286 MOTACILLTID/E. 



p. 229, No. 596 ; Gould, B. Asia, iv. pi. 65 ; Adam, S/r. F. 1873, p. 384 ; 

 Hume, Str. F. 1874, p.' 499; id., Nests and Eggs, Ind. B. p. 382. Pipastes 

 maculatus, Hume, Ibis, 1870, p. 287; 1871, p. 35; Blyth and Wald., B. 

 Burnt, p. 96; Armstrong, Str. F. 1876, p. 330; Butler, Sir. F. 1877, p. 230; 

 Davidson and Wende?i, Str. F. 1878, ii. p. 84; Murray, t. c. p. 109; Scully, 

 Str. F. 1879, p. 316; Oates, B. Br. Burm. i. p. 171. Pipastes agilis, 

 Blanf., J. A. S. Beng. 1872, p. 60. The EASTERN TREE PIPIT. 



Whole upper plumage rich olive brown ; the head with distinct brown broad 

 mesial streaks ; the back the same ; rump and lower back entirely uniform ; 

 lesser wing coverts like the back ; median and greater series dusky brown, 

 externally olive brown, the median series tipped with yellowish white ; tail dark 

 brown, the outer pair with a long diagonal patch of white from base to tip ; the 

 next tipped with white, which and the others are all margined with olive brown 

 on the outer web ; eyelid and a broad eyebrow fulvous, becoming whiter above ; 

 the 'bar coverts are white and the lores fulvous brown ; cheeks, chin, throat 

 and breast, rich fulvous ; a moustachial streak from the sides of the throat to 

 the breast, which is marked with numerous oval black spots ; flanks dull fulvous, 

 streaked with brown ; under surface of the body white ; under wing coverts 

 smoky brown, edged with olive yellow. 



In winter the fulvous colour of the head changes to fulvescent white. Bill 

 bluish black ; yellowish at the angle of the lower mandible ; iris brown ; legs 

 and feet flesh colour. 



Length. 6 to 6-5 inches; wing 3-2 to 3-5; tail 2-5 ; tarsus 0-85; culmen 

 0-55- 



Hal. Eastern Asia, from Japan and Eastern Siberia as far as the Yen-e- 

 say, wintering in the plains of India, the Burmese countries and Cochin- 

 China. In Northern India and the Himalayas its occurrence is recorded as from 

 Nepaul, Mogul Serai, Cawnpore, Behar, Ootacamund, and Bhootan, also the 

 Khasia hills, and in Burmah from Pegu, Karenne, Poonsee (Kakhyen hills), 

 Bassein, Tenasserim and Bhamo. It is found all over India nearly as a winter 

 visitant, arriving in October and leaving in April. In Burmah, Oates says, 

 it is found very abundantly in all the wooded tracts and gardens in small flocks 

 under the shade of trees, feeding on insects and seeds. 



797- AnthuS nilghiriensiS, Sharpe, Cat. B Br. Mus. x. p. 550. 

 Anthus rufescens, Jcrd., Madr. Journ. xi. p. 34 (nee. Te??im.). Anthus 

 rnontanus (nee. Koch.}, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xvi. p. 435 (Ex. Jerd. Mss.)\ 

 Hume, Str. F. 1878, ii. p. 461 ; id. Sir. F. 1879, p. 103; Davison, Str. F. 

 1883, p. 397. Pipastes montanus, Jerd. B. hid. ii. p. 230, No. 598 ; Hume, 

 Nests and Eggs, Ind. B. p. 383; Fairb., 1877, p. 407. The NILGHERRY TREE 

 PIPIT. 



Above light sandy buff, the upper surface of the body mesially streaked 

 with black ; rump more uniform, the mesial dark streaks being less distinct 



