ANTHUS. 289 



those of other species of the family. Hume says, the eggs sent him by 

 Captain Marshall are barely, if at all, separable from those of Oreocorys sylva- 

 mis. They are moderately broad, fairly regular ovals, somewhat compressed 

 or pointed towards one end ; the shells are compact but almost entirely 

 devoid of gloss, brownish or greyish white, profusely speckled, spotted and 

 streaked, and in places blotched and clouded with sienna brown or pale inky 

 purple ; the markings are thickly set, but most dense at the large end. 



800. Anthus Richardi, N. 'Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxvi. p. 491 ; 



Temm. PI. Col. iii. pi. 101 ; McGill. Br. B. ii. p. 199; Hume, Ibis, 1869? 

 p. I2O; Blanf. East, Persia, ii. p. 236: Seebohm, Ibis, 1878, p. 343; Sharpe, 

 Cat. B. Br. Mus. x. p. 564. Corydalla Richardi, Vigors, Zool. Journ. ii. 

 p. 397 ; Bp. Consp. Av. i. p. 247; Kelaart, Prod. Faun. Zeyl. Cat. p. 121 ; 

 Jerd., B.Jnd. ii. p. 231, No. 599; Blanf., Ibis, 1870, p. 466 ; Holdsw., P. Z. 

 S. 1871, p. 458 ; Hume, Sir. F. 1874, p. 239; Ball, t. c. pp. 416, 479, 496 . 

 Blyth and Wald., B. Burm. p. 95 ; Armstrong, Str. F. 1876, p. 330; Hume 

 and Davison, Str. F. 1878, p. 365 ; Ball, Str. F. 1878, ii. p. 220 ; Cripps, t. c. 

 p. 288; Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 621; Hume, Str. F. 1879, p. 103; Oates, B. 

 Br. Burmah i. p. 166. Cichlops monticolus, Hodgs., Icon. ined. in Br. Mus. 

 Passeres, pis. 12 1, 124, fig. I. Corydalla sinensis, Bp. Consp. i. p. 247; 

 David et Oust., Ois Chine, p. 311. RICHARD'S PIPIT or the LARGE MARSH 

 PIPIT. 



Upper surface of the body, including the scapulars and wing coverts, brown, 

 the feathers edged with fulvous ; lower back and rump more uniform, the 

 feathers centred with dusky ; primaries, secondaries and tertiaries brown, the 

 primaries narrowly, and the secondaries and tertiaries broadly edged with 

 fulvous ; the first primary ashy white externally ; tail dark brown, with ashy 

 fulvous margins ; the outermost pair of feathers nearly entirely white, the 

 next with a large triangular patch of white on the inner web ; supercilium, 

 chin, cheeks, throat and axillaries fulvous white ; ear coverts sandy rufous or 

 fulvous brown ; under surface of the body pale fulvous, darker on the flanks, 

 thighs and vent, and striated on the breast ; lower throat and foreneck with 

 dusky brown. Bill brown ; yellowish at the base of the lower mandible; irides 

 brown; legs flesh colour. 



Length. 7 to 8 inches ; wing 3-6 to 3*9 ; tail 3'4 ; tarsus 1*2 ; culmen 0'6. 



Hab. Central and Eastern Asia where it breeds, migrating to India and 

 Ceylon in winter, also into Southern China, the Moluccas and the Burmese 

 countries ; occurring also in parts of Europe. It is found from Nepaul and 

 the Himalayas to the extreme South ; more rare, however, in Southern India 

 and the Carnatic. Jerdon adds that it is tolerably abundant in Lower Bengal, 

 Ceylon and countries to the eastward. According to Oates it is exces- 

 sively common in all the vast plains in the south of Pegu. It has been 

 procured in Tonghoo and in Karenne also throughout Tenasserim and the 

 Thoungyeen Valley. It is as common in the Malay Peninsula and has been 

 VOL. II. 37 



