298 FRINGILLID^E. 



Hab. N.-W. Himalayas, extending into Nepaul, but it is unknown 

 further east. Adams states it haunts the pine forests of Cashmere in small 

 flocks. According to Hume, it breeds in the pine forests, south of the first 

 snowy range and west of the Ganges, from 5, to 6,000 feet. Murree, 

 Chamba, Kotegurh and Dharamsala are recorded localities of its occurrence. 



811- Pycnoramphus affinis, Myth, J. A. S. B. xxiv. p. 179; 



Hume, Nests and Eggs, Ind. . p. 469 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. Br. Mus. xii. p. 46. 

 Hesperiphona affinis, Blyth, J . A. S. B. xxiv. p. 179; Jerd., B. Ind. ii, 

 p. 385, No. 726 ; Gould, B. Asia, v. pi. 23. The ALLIED GROSBEAK. 



Very nearly allied to H. icteroides ; differs in the male having the black 

 portion of the plumage deep and shining instead of dull ashy black ; the 

 black of the head extends somewhat lower down, and the interscapularies and 

 axillaries are also black, and the tibial feathers yellow, while the reverse is 

 the case in H. icteroides ; entire wing, upper tail coverts and tail black ; 

 hind neck, upper mandible, lower back and rump orange yellow. 



The female differs in having the upper parts olive green, tinged with 

 yellowish on the collar and rump, more brightly so on the lower plumage ; 

 wings and tail black ; the coverts, secondaries, and tertiaries broadly margined 

 externally with yellow green ; crown and ear coverts ashy, passing into pale 

 grey on the chin and throat. Bill bluish in winter, yellow in summer ; feet 

 fleshy yellow. 



Length. 8*8 to 9 inches; wing 4*75 ; tail 3-5. 



Hab. The Alpine Punjab to the Eastern Himalayas ; said to be common, 

 about Dharamsala, Nepaul, Darjeeling, Sikkim, and Thibet. 



812. Pycnora"mplms carneipes (Hodgs), Hume, Sir. F. viii, 



p. 108 ; Sharpe, Cat. B. xiii. p. 49. Hesperiphona carneipes, Hodgs., As. Res. 

 xix. p. 151 ; id. J. A. S. B. xiii. p. 950. Coccothraustes speculigerus, Brandt^ 

 Bull. Sci. del Acad. ix. p. I IO. Hesperiphona speculigerus, Bp. Consp. Av. 

 p. 506; Gould. , B. Asia. v. pi, 21. Mycerobas carneipes, Jerd., B. Ind. ii. 

 p. 387, No. 728. The WHITE- WINGED GROSBEAK. 



Head, neck and breast sooty brown ; wings and tail dusky with yellowish 

 edgings and a white speculum on the wings ; back, wing coverts and tertiaries 

 with olive yellow spots and stripes ; lower back and rump greenish yellow, 

 also the abdomen, vent and under tail coverts, the latter sometimes dashed 

 with dusky. Bill and legs fleshy grey ; irides brown. 



Length. 8 75 inches ; wing 4-6 ; tail 3-7 to 4. 



Hab. Nepaul and Sikkirn. Recorded also from Dharamsala, Gilgit^ 

 Mussoorie, Darjeeling, and Thibet. 



Sub-Family. FRINGILLIN.E. 



Bill variable in size and form, more or less conical and thick, short andi 

 bulged in some or thick and elongate. 



