UPUPA. 469 



SUB-ORDER COCCYGES ANISODACTYL^. 



Family, UPUPID^, J>. HOOPOES. 



Bill long, sides compressed to tip ; nostrils small and at base ; wings long 

 and rounded ; tail long ; outer toe united to middle ; hind toe long. 



Sub-Family. UPUPIN^.^/. 



Bill with prominent keel, tip sharp ; claws long, curved, sharp and strong. 

 Gen. Upupa- Linn. 



Bill slender and curved throughout ; nostrils covered with membranous 

 scale ; tarsi broadly scaled ; head crested. 



1096. Upupa epops, Linn., P. E. 52; Lev. Prom. t. 22; Naum. 

 vogt. t, 142 ; Gould, B. Eur. pi. 238 ; Jerd., B. Ind, i. p. 390, No. 254 ; 

 Str. F. i. 174 ; iii. 99; Murray, Hdbk., ZooL, 8fc., Sind, p. 133. The 

 HOOPOE. 



Feathers of the crest reddish buff, each feather tipped with black, some of 

 the median ones with a narrow whitish band below the black tip ; hind neck, . 

 sides of neck, throat and breast pale rufous fawn ; chin whitish ; upper back 

 dark ashy brown ; lower back and scapulars barred buffy and dark brown ; 

 wing coverts black with two white bands ; under wing coverts buffy white ; 

 primaries, secondaries and tertiaries dark brown ; the ist primary with a white 

 spot on the inner web, and the others barred on both webs ; secondaries and 

 tertiaries with 3 4 white bands; lower abdomen buffy, with a few dark 

 streaks ; under tail coverts white ; upper tail coverts white, terminated with 

 black ; tail black, with a white band about the middle. Bill black, reddish at 

 the base; irides red brown; legs brownish black. 



Length. 12 to 12-5 inches ; wing 5-5 ; tail 4; bill at front 1*75 or a little 

 more. 



Hab. Europe, India, Assam, Himalayas, Cashmere, Palestine, Persia, 

 Beloochistan, Afghanistan, Eastern Turkistan, Sind, Punjab, N.-W. Provinces, 

 Bengal, Southern, Northern, Central, Eastern and Western India generally. 

 Breeds in the Punjab and N.-W. Provinces. 



1097. Upupa longirostris, Jerd. t B. Ind. i. p. 393 ; Blyth, B. 



Burm.p.fy; Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 89; Armstrong, Str. F. iv. p. 315 ; Inglis, 

 Str. F. v. p. 29; Oates, Str. F. v. 149 ; Hume and Dav., Str. F. vi. p. 202 ; 

 Oaten, Str. F. vii. p. 41 ; Hume, Str. viii. p. 90; Oates, Str. F. x. p. 199; id., 

 B. Br. Burm. ii. p. 62. Upupa Ceylonensis {Reich.), apud. Dav. et. Oust. Ois 

 Chine p. 79. Upupa indica (Bonap.) apud. Anderson, Yunnan Exped., p. 

 578. The BURMESE HOOPOE. 



Whole head and neck cinnamon-rufous, the feathers of the crest broadly 

 tipped with black ; lesser wing coverts cinnamon-rufous, the median series 



