526 PTEROCLID/E. 



above and below with a narrow white line, and tipped narrowly with black, the 

 bases of the feathers being brownish ash ; upper series of the median 

 and greater coverts olive brown at base, then broadly greenish yellow and 

 margined with black at the tips ; primary coverts brownish ash, black-shafted ; 

 primaries black-shafted, all (except the outer web of the first which is black) 

 with their outer webs ashy grey, their inner webs rufescent grey near the shaft ; 

 (not extending to the tip) then broadly dusky brown, and narrowly margined 

 to the tip with white ; secondaries with the outer webs and tips of the inner 

 webs dusky brown, rest of the inner web and edging to the outer web white ; 

 tertiaries greenish olive on their outer web and rufescent grey on their inner, 

 the uppermost with a yellow spot terminally ; abdomen, flanks and axillaries 

 white, the shafts of the feathers, except those of the axillaries, black basally ; 

 a large white patch on the under surface of the wing, formed by the white 

 bases of the inner webs of the secondaries and their coverts ; the edge of the 

 wing inside dusky brown ; tarsal plumes whitish ; tail with the lateral feathers 

 white on their outer webs, their inner webs grey brown, margined with narrow, 

 nearly obsolete dusky and buff bars, the tips of the feathers broadly white ; 

 rest of the tail feathers barred buff and dark brown, plain grey brown near the 

 shaft, and all (except the longest rectrices, which are black) tipped with 

 white ; bill horny ; orbits dark plumbeous ; irides dark brown. 



Length. To end of longest rectrices 13 inches ; wing 8 j tail 6 to end of 

 longest rectrices. 



Female. Top of head and back deep buff, barred with black ; sides of face 

 and neck orange yellow ; throat and chin white ; a dark band on the lower 

 neck, another on the upper breast, and a third on the lower breast separating 

 the white of the abdomen. Upper plumage barred black and buff ; seconda- 

 ries the same, with a subterminal grey bar. 



Length. 13 inches; wing 775 ; tail 5-37; irides and orbits as in the male. 



JTab. Sind, Punjab, N.-W. Provinces and Rajputana ; Beloochistan (in the 

 Bolan, Quetta and at Khelat), Persia, at Bushire, Southern and Eastern 

 Afghanistan and Eastern Turkestan. It also inhabits N. Africa, Palestine, 

 Spain and Portugal, and is said to breed in parts of Western Asia. In Sind, 

 in especially the Northern districts, the Pintail is found in flocks, and some- 

 times in countless numbers j in the southern parts it is also found, but evi- 

 dently only as stragglers. 



1183. Pterocles Lichtensteinii, Tem. Planch. Col. 355-361 ; 



Heuglin, Syst. Ueber. Vog. N. Afr. p. 304; Speke,Ibis, p. 247; Hume, Sir. F. 

 i. p. 219; Murray, Hdbk. y Zool., fyc., ,&</, p. 195. Butbur, Sind. The 

 CLOSE-BARRED SAND GROUSE. 



PLATE, fig. 4. 



Male. Frontal zone white, or buffy white ; a broad black semicircular band 

 behind it extending from the anterior angle of the eye on each side ; behind 



