600 GRUID^E. 



ZooL, Sind, p. 235 ; Hume and Marsh., Game Birds ii. p. i, pi. ; Oates, B. 

 Br. Burm. ii. p. 354. The SARUS CRANE. 



Head and neck naked, covered behind with numerous crimson papillae, 

 and clad with a few black hairs, which accumulate below on the neck, and 

 form a sort of mane down the nape of the neck ; ear coverts white ; below 

 this the neck is whitish grey, which gradually passes into a blue or French 

 grey, which is .the colour of the whole plumage, the quills and inner webs of 

 the tail feathers being dusky slaty ; seasonally it assumes a pure white collar 

 immediately below the crimson papillose skin of the neck, and some of the 

 tertiaries and scapulars become white, lengthened, hang over gracefully and 

 exceed the tail in length; bill pale sea green, brownish at the tip ; irides 

 orange red ; legs and feet pale rosy red. 



Length. 52 inches; wing 26; tail 9*25; bill at front 6^25, tarsi 12*5 to 

 13. (Jerdon?) 



I have not a satisfactory specimen. 



Hal. Throughout the greater part of India. It is rare in Sind. In the 

 Punjab it is found in the Delhi and other district, also in the N.-W. 

 Provinces, Rajputana, Kutch, Concan and Deccan. It has also been found 

 occasionally in Khandesh. Throughout the Central Provinces, also the Madras 

 Presidency, north of the Godavery, Chota Nagpur and Lower Bengal it is 

 common in suitable localities. Breeds over the whole of the N.-W. Provinces, 

 Upper Bengal, British Burmah, Assam, Oudh and Guzerat ; also Central India 

 and Khandeish, during August and September, laying 2 eggs, of a pale green 

 colour, speckled with yellowish brown purple or purplish pink. Many are 

 quite unspotted. 



1278. Grus leucogeranus, Pall, It. t. i ; P.O. 467; Jerd. t B. 



Ind. iii. p. 663 ; Sir. F. i. p. 235 ; vii. p. 437 ; Murray, Hdbk., ZooL, fyc., 

 Sind, p. 213 ; id., Vert. ZooL Sind, p. 236. The LARGE WHITE, SNOW-WREATH, 

 or SIBERIAN CRANE. 



Plumage wholly white ; primaries black ; tertiaries white, much lengthened 

 and reaching to or beyond the end of the tail ; nude parts of the face and 

 legs red ; hind head subcrested. In the young Mr. Hume (Game Birds of 

 India) says : " There is no bare space about the face, the whole head and upper 

 half of the neck are of a somewhat rusty buff, which is deepest on the head 

 and cheeks, and pale on the chin and throat." 



Length, Male. ^ to 56 inches; wing 23 to 26; expanse 90 to 99*5 ; tarsi 

 1 1 to 12 ; bill from gape 7*75 to 8. Females are smaller ; irides pale yellow; 

 bill brown ; nasal membrane red. 



Hab. A winter migrant to India ; occurs in the N.-W. Provinces, Punjab, 

 Sind, parts of the Central Provinces and the Himalayas ; also in Afghanistan, 



