672 CYGNID^. 



Entire plumage white; callous tubercle at base of upper mandible; legs, 

 feet and cere black ; bill reddish orange, the edges and tip black ; irides dark 

 brown. 



Length. 48 to 52 inches. The following are the measurements of the 

 three specimens obtained by Mr. H, E. Watson given in Mr. Blanford's paper 

 on Wild Swans in Sind (S/r. F. vii lOi): 



No. i. No. 2. No. 3. 

 Length from tip of bill to end of tail... 58- 5" 62-" 6cr'' 



Expanse 78- 84- 82- 



Closed wing 22* 23- 



Tail from vent 975 1025 9*75 



Bill from gape 375 3- 8 



Tarsus measured on inner side 3* 8 4/2 



The female resembles the male in every particular, except that the callous 

 tubercle is smaller. 



This species was obtained on the Munchur Lake during an unusually severe 

 winter in Sind, by Mr. H. E. Watson, Deputy Collector of Sehwan, shortly 

 after I left the Lake in the same year (1878). In every instance, where the 

 species has occurred, it was during an unusually severe winter. Mr. Hume, 

 in his Game Birds^ says " It may be considered a pretty regular, though 

 somewhat rare, cold weather visitant to the Peshawar and Hazara Districts, 

 and an occasional straggler to the Kohat and Rawul Pindee Districts, and to 

 the Trans-Indus portions of Sind. 



It has occurred near Peshawar in 1857. In i87i, Captain Unwin obtained 

 a specimen in the Rawul Pindee District. Dr. Stolickza in J. A. S. B., 1872, 

 p. 2 JQ, says " While crossing the Runn of Cutch he noticed several swans 

 but at too great a distance for it to be possible to form an idea as to the species 

 the birds belonged to," " and from its occurrence in Sind," Mr. Hume says, 

 "renders it not improbable that Dr. Stolickza was right." 



Outside our limits this species has been seen in the Kabul river, near Jellala- 

 bad, and is known to visit Northern Afghanistan pretty regularly. Breeds in 

 Western Turkistan. 



Mr. Hume in his Tentative List and in Str. F> vii. pp. 107, 464, enters 

 Cygnus Bewicki, in the List of the Birds of India, but as this entry as well as of 

 Ci/gnus musicus and An$er segetum have been made on certain drawings by 

 Hodgson and others, and there are no veritable records of their having been 

 killed within our limits, I omit them from the Avifauna. 



Family, ANSERID^E. 



Bill moderate, narrower in front than behind ; keel elevated at the base, 

 sloping to the tip ; nail at point of bill horny and hard \ legs moderate ; knee 

 bare ; hind toe partially lobed ; laminar teeth present. 



