The lowland region, between the Mississippi and the 

 Ouachita, is alluvial, and therefore of recent origin. It is the 

 product of these two rivers as well as the Arkansas, and par- 

 tially subject to inundation. Heavy cypress swamps along 

 the numerous water-courses alternate with hummock lands, 

 in both of which the majority of land birds find abodes, either 

 temporarily or permanently. In the immediate vicinity of the 

 banks of the Mississippi, however, quite a number of species of 

 waders and swimmers, and among them even Terns, etc., also 

 spend a large part of the year breeding and rearing their 

 young. This part of the state, therefore, somewhat resembles 

 in bird-life the coast line of the southern section. 



Western, or rather north-western Louisiana, between the 

 Ouachita river and Texas boundary, contains some of the 

 highest parts of the state; the vegetation consisting of both 

 pine and hard-wood timber, the former, however, predomi- 

 nating. The highland is, however, in some parishes greatly 

 broken iip by numerous large lakes, which drain into Red 

 river. This applies especially to Caddo, Dossier, Bienville 

 and De Soto parishes. In many respects the avifauna here 

 corresponds to that of the Floiida parishes, augmented, of 

 course, by more western forms. 



The so-called Florida parishes, which now remain to be 

 considered, constitute the entire section of the state betAveen 

 the 30th and 31st degrees north, and between the Mississippi 

 and Pearl rivers, east and west, respectively. The topography 

 of these parishes combines the physical, aspects of the rest of 

 the state already considered, with the exception of the prairie 

 lands, and, possibly, the salt-water marshes, for the latter are 

 only represented in a modified degree along the borders of 

 lakes Maurepas, Pontchartrain and Borgne. Along the 

 courses of streams only alluvial lands with heavy cypress and 

 other timber exist, while nearly all the rest is taken up, either 

 by pine-flats or pine-hills, the latter extending in a north- 

 easterly direction; the former occupying the central and 

 southern parishes. 



The highlands of north-western Louisiana are represented 

 in Hast Feliciana alone, and this peculiarity has also been 

 recogni/ed by a few species of birds, which have made tin's 

 parish their breeding place in the state, east of the Mississippi 

 river. 



The result of this varied topography of the Florida par- 

 ishes is: that with the exception of a comparatively small 



