NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATIONS. 



We have therefore the following : 



Bacterium (Cohn emend.). 



Type : The one-flagellate, green-fluorescent schizomycetes, capable of growing 

 in Cohn's nutrient solution. To these should be added all the morphologically sim- 

 ilar, non -fluorescent and yellow species. 



Synonym : Pseudomonas Migula. 



Among others the following plant parasites belong here : 



Bacterium campestre (Paminel), B. pruni (Erw. Sm.), 



B. hyacinthi Wakker, B. vascularum (Cobb), 



B. phaseoli (Erw. Sm.), B. juglandis (Pierce), 



B. Steivarti (Erw. Sm.), B. malvacearum (Erw. Sm.). 



These changes leave no generic name for the anthrax organism and other non- 

 motile forms. 



The writer wonld like to name the anthrax organism and related forms in 

 honor of the distinguished man who first pointed out the generic significance of 

 non-motility in this organism, but who unfortunately selected for it the preoccupied 

 name of Bacteridium. There is, however, already a genus Davainea in helminth- 

 ology, and it does not seem wise to make another, even in botany. Bacteria are 

 now classed as plants, but we do not know what may finally be done with them. 

 It remains, therefore, to adopt some old name, if an unobjectionable one can be 

 found, and if not, to devise some entirely new name for the non-motile bacteria. 

 There are several old names not now in use, e. g., Metalader and Melanella, but so 

 far as I have been able to determine, none of them were given to organisms at all 

 resembling the anthrax organism, and for one reason or another all imist be rejected. 



I therefore propose the name Aplanobacter (from Greek words meaning without 

 motion and a rod), and shall use it as the generic name for the anthrax organism 

 called Bacteridium by Davaine, Bacillus by Cohn and Fischer, and Bacterium by 

 Migula. Under Aplanobacter I include all non-motile forms morphologically similar 

 to the anthrax organism {Bacillus anthracis Cohn), the latter, however, being taken 

 as the type of the genus : 



Aplanobacter nov. gen. nom. 



An unattached, non-motile, rod-shaped organism, destitute of chlorophyll and 

 multiplying by fission, sometimes forming threads of considerable length. The type 

 of the genus, in the family Bacteriacese, is that organism causing anthrax and most 

 commonly known in literature as Bacillus anthracis Cohn. 



For the present non-sporiferous forms, resembling Aplanobacter anthracis, are 

 also included under this genus, but if it shall be decided, later on, that the difference 

 between sporiferous and non-sporiferous forms is of generic significance, then the 

 latter may be excluded. This genus, as now understood, includes Aplanobacter 

 anthracis (Cohn) and many other non-motile species called Bacillus in most books, 

 but Bacterium by Migula. For a list of the species see Bacterium (p. 279) in Bd. 



II of Migula's "System." A few species there given are now known to be motile. 



Forms related to Bacillus tuberculosis Koch and Bacillus leprae Hansen do not 

 seem to belong with the anthrax organism, and some name must be found for these. 



