230 



BACTERIA IN RELATION TO PLANT DISEASES. 



('95). MACKENSIE, J. J. Opening discussion on 

 "What new methods can be suggested for 

 the separation of bacteria into groups, and 

 for the identification of species." Jour. Am. 

 Pub. Health Asso., Oct., 1895, Ann. vol. xx, 

 pp. 419-431- 

 Notes on synthetic media. 



('97). STODDART. See xvi. 

 ('97). Hiss. 'See xvi. 



('98). HOUSTON, A. C. Note on four micro-organ- 

 isms isolated from the mud of the river 

 Thames, which resemble Bacillus typhosus. 

 Centralb. f. Bakt., xxiv Bd., 1898, pp. 518- 

 525, colored diagram. 

 ('98). FERMI. See xxxvi. 



('98). ROTHBERGER, C. JULIUS. Differential diagnos- 

 tische Untersuchungen mit gefarbten Nahr- 

 boden. Centralb. f. Bakt., xxiv Bd., 1898, 

 pp. 5I3-SI8. 



With neutral red (Toluidin red) in agar B. coli is said 

 to cause a clearing of the color and a very decided fluor- 

 escence. B. typhi leaves the medium unchanged. The 

 best method is said to be to add 3 to 4 drops of a concen- 

 trated water solution to lo cc. of fluid agar, and then % 

 cc. of a 24-hour old bouillon culture. In agar stained 

 with safranin, B. coli reduces the color ; B. typhi does 

 not. Dead cultures of B. coli (cultures heated 2 hours at 

 78 C.) did not produce these changes. 



('98). PACINOTTI, G., AND MUNIECKI, J. L'albume 

 d'uovo colorito in verde-cupo dal caffe 

 crudo, come mezzo diagnostico di svlluppi 

 ibatterici. Gazz. degli ospedali e della 

 dim'che, 1808, No. 31. Rev. in Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., xxv Bd., 1899, p. 257. 



('99.) ROTHBERGER, C. JULIUS. Differential diagnos- 

 tische Untersuchungen mit gefarbten Nahr- 

 boden. 11, Mittei-lung. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 xxv Bd., 1899, pp. 15-17 and 69-75. 



Author tested the effect of various bacteria on 35 anilin 

 dves 13 of which proved useful in agar media. The loss 

 of color in methylen blue, safranin, Toluidin blue, Or- 

 seille extract and indigo carmin is due to reduction pro- 

 cesses. In case of the indigo carmin, the blue was first 

 changed to dark green. 



('oo). SCHEFFLER, W. Das Neutrakot als Hilfsmittel 

 zur Diagnose des Bacterium coli. Centralb. 

 f. Bakt., xxvin Bd., 1900, pp. 199-205. 



Author says B. coli in neutral red, grape sugar agar 

 gives regularly in 24 to 48 hours a beautiful green fluor- 

 escence. He uses: fluid agar, loo cc., grape sugar, 0.3 

 gram ; concentrated watery solution of neutral red, ice. 



('oi). HOELSCHER, WALTER. Ueber die Differenz der 

 histologischen Wirkung von Tuberkel- 

 bacillen und anderen diesen ahnlichen 

 saurefesten Bacillen (Grasbacillus 1 1 Moel- 

 ler, Butterbacillus Petri-Rabinowitsch, 

 Thimotheebacillus Moller). Munchener 

 med. Wochenschr., Bd. XLVIII, 1901, pp. 

 1,483-1,484- 



('02). Hiss, PHILLIP HANSON, JR. New and simple 

 media for the differentiation of the colonies 

 of typhoid, colon, and allied bacilli. The 

 Journal of Medical Research, June, 1902, 

 vol. vin, pp. 148-167. Also a separate. 2 

 plates. 



Author describes a simple solid medium in which 

 buried colonies of the typhoid bacillus send out thread- 

 formed radiations, while those of B. coli, etc., do not 

 bear any fringing threads. This medium, used in Petri- 

 dish poured plates, consists of distilled water 1,000, agar 

 15, gelatin 15, dextrose 10, Liebig's extract meat 5, sodium 

 chloride 5. 



("02). FITZ GERALD, MABEL PUREFOY, AND DREYER, 

 GEORGES. The unreliability of the neutral 

 red method, as generally employed for the 

 differentiation of B. typhosus and B coli. 

 Festsksrift ved Indvielsen af Statens Serum- 

 institut. Kjobenhavn, 1902, pp. 1-39. 



('02). BUXTON, B. H. A comparative study of the 

 bacilli intermediate between B. coli coni- 

 inunis and B. typhosus. Jour. Med. Res. 

 in (n. s.), pp. 201-230, 3 plates. 

 Bibliography of 16 titles. 



("03). GAGE, STEPHEN DEM., AND PHELPS, EARLE B. 

 Notes on B. coli and allied forms, with 

 special reference to the neutral-red 'reaction. 

 Proceedings of the Thirtieth Annual Meet- 

 ing, American Public Health Assn., New 

 Orleans, La., Dec., 1002. Pub. Columbus, 

 Ohio, 1903, vol xxvin, pp. 402-412. Also a 

 separate, pp. 11. 



('03). SCHUEDER. Zum Nachweis der Typhusbak- 

 terien im Wasser. Zeitschr. f. Hyg., Bd. 



XLII, 1003, PP- 317-326. 

 Describes differential methods. 



('04). STOKES, WILLIAM ROYAL. A simple test for 

 the routine detection of the colon bacillus in 

 drinking water. Jour, of Infectious Dis- 

 eases, vol. i, 1904, pp. 341-347. i plate. 

 Neutral red reaction. 



XIX. Aerobism, Anaerobism. 



(See also various citations under XX.) 



('61). PASTEUR, Louis. Animalcules infuspires 

 vivant sans gaz oxygene libre et determinant 

 des fermentation's. C. R. des se. de 1'Acad. 

 des sci., Paris, 1861, T. LII, pp. 344-347- 



('63). PASTEUR, Louis. Nouvel exemple de fermen- 

 tation determinee par des animalcules in- 

 fusoires pouvant vivre sans oxygene libre, 

 et en dehors de tout contact avec 1'air de 

 I'atmosphere. C. R., des se. -de 1'Acad. des 

 sci., Paris, 1863, T. LVI, pp. 416-421. 



('63). PASTEUR, Louis. Recherches sur la putrefac- 

 tion. C. R. des se. de 1'Acad. des sci., Paris, 

 1863, T. LVI, pp. 1,189-1,194. 



" Je propose avec toute sorte de scrupules ces mots 

 nouveaux aerobies et anaerobes pour indiquer 1'existence 

 de deux classes d'6tres inferieures, les uns incapable de 

 vivre en dehors de la presence du gaz oxygene libre, les 

 autres pouvant se multiplier a 1'infini en dehors du con- 

 tact de ce gaz.'' 



('80). BUCHNER. Ueber die Lebensfahigkeit der 



Spailtpilze bei fehlenden Sauerstoff, 1880. 

 Not seen. 



('85). HESSE, W. UND R. Ueber Zuchtung der 

 Bacillen des malignen Oedems. Deutsche 

 med. Wochenschrift, 1885, 11 Jahrg., pp. 

 214-215. 



Describes a method of cultivating anaerobic organisms 

 by sowing them in deep masses of solid media. 



('86). LIBORIUS, PAUL. Beitrage zur Kentniss d. 

 Sauerstoffbediirfnisses der Bakterien. 

 Zeitschr. f. Hyg., Bd. i, 1886, pp. H5-I77- 

 According to review by Zimmerman in Hot. Centralb. 

 Bd. xxvin, 1886, p. 198, author found but little more oxy- 

 gen in layers of agar buried 3 cm. and over under addi- 

 tional agar than in vessels in which air was expelled by 

 hydrogen, etc. He used " Indigotinloesung" as a test. 



