AEROBISM, ANAEROBISM. 



231 



('87). Roux, E. Sur la culture des microbes 

 anaerobies. Ann. de I'lnst. Pasteur, Bd. I, 

 1887, pp. 49-62. 



('88). BUCHNER, HANS. Eine neue Methode zur 

 Kultur anaerober Mikroorganismen. Cen- 

 tralb. f. Bakrt., 1888, iv Bd., pp. 149-151. 



('88). FRAENKEL, CARL. Ucber die Kultur anaerober 

 Mikroorganismen. Centralb. f. Bakt., 1888, 

 in Bd., pp. 73S-740 and 763-768. I fig. 

 ('89). FRAENKEL. See xxxvm. 



('89). FRANKLAND, PERCY. On the influence of car- 

 bonic anhydride or other gases on the de- 

 velopment of micro-organisms. Proc. Roy. 

 Soc., vol. XLV, 1889, pp. 292-301. See also 

 Zeitsch. f. Hygiene, Bd. vi, 1889, pp. 13-22. 

 The other gases tested were hydrogen, carbonic oxide, 

 and nitrons oxide. Hydrogen had the least deleterious 

 effect on the organisms tested, which were B. pyocy- 

 aueus, Koch's comma bacillus, and Finkler's spirillum. 



Coo). SMITH. See xx. 



fyo). POPOFP. See XLvnr. 



('92). OGATA, M. Einfache Bakterienkultur mit 

 versohiedenen Gasen. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 xi Bd., 1892, pp. 621-623, mit i fig. 



Ogata's method, which is essentially that previously 

 described by Heim , consists in softening the upper part of 

 a test tube in the flame and drawing it out so that the 

 tube consists of two normal portions connected by a nar- 

 row isthmus. This part should be just below the colton 

 plug, that is, in the upper one-third of the tube. A piece 

 of glass tubing is now plugged at one end with sterile 

 cotton, and is drawn out into a capillary tube, which 

 must be long enough to reach down into the bottom of 

 the culture medium. The broken end of this tube is now 

 touched to the desired culture and passed into the test 

 tube. The cotton-plugged end of the glass tube is now 

 attached to a rubber tube connected with the gas appa- 

 ratus. After the gas has bubbled through the medium 

 for a sufficient time, the capillary tube is removed, ami 

 the test tube is immediately sealed in the open flame by a 

 further constriction of the Isthmus and a complete 

 removal of the upper part of the test tube. 



Fluid cultures may also be made in such tubes by pre- 

 paring the isthmus before the tubes are filled with the 

 medium. 



('92). HEIM, L. Zur Originalmittheilung von 



Ogata: "Einfache Bakterienkultur .mat 



verschiedenen Gasen." Bd. xi, p. 621. Cen- 



'tralib. f. Bakt., xi, 1892, p. 800. 

 ('92). VAN SENUS, A. H. C. Zur Kenntniss der 



Kultur anaerober Bakterien. Centralb. f. 



Bakt., xii Bd., 1892, pp. 144-145. 

 CP3)- Now, F. G. Die Kultur anaerober Bakterien. 



Centralb. f. Bakt, Bd. xiv, 1893, pp. 581- 



600, 2 figs. 



The "Novyjars" arc here figured and described, and 

 49 references to literature are given at the end of the 

 article. 



('93). BKYKRINCK, M. W. Ueber Atmungsfiguren 

 beweglicher Bakterien. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 Bd. xiv, 1893, pp. 827-845, mit I Tafel. 



('93)- SMITH. See xx. 



('94). NICOLAIER. Bemerkung zu der Arbeit von 

 Prof. F. G. Novy: "Die Kultur anaerober 

 Bakterien" (Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xiv, 

 1893). Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xv, 1894, p. 

 227. 



(94). SMITH, THEOBALD. Further observations on 

 the fermentation tube, with special reference 

 to anaerobiosis, reduction, and gas produc- 

 tion (abstract). Proc. Am. Ass. A. Sci., 

 42, Madison Meeting, 1893, Salem, 1894, 

 p. 261. 



('94). ENGELMANN, TH. W. Die Erscheinungsweise 

 der Sauerstoffausscheidung chromophyllhal- 

 tiger Zellen im Licht bei Anwendung der 

 Baoterienmethode. Verhand. d. Kon. Akad. 

 van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam (2 te 

 sectie, deel in; No. 11, 1894), pp. 10, iv, 

 with a folded plate, also a reprint, 17 pp. 

 Gives a bibliography of 61 titles. See also 

 Onderzoekingen Physiol. Laborat. Utrecht, 

 iv Reeks, in deel., 1895. 



('94). LUBINSKI, WSEWOLOD. Zur Methodik der 

 Kultur anaerober Bakterien. Centralb. f. 

 Bakt., Bd. xvi, 1894, pp. 20-25, mit 4 figs. 



('94). NOVY, F. G. Die Plattenkultur anaerober 

 Bakterien. Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xvi, 1894, 

 pp. 566-571, with 3 figs. 



('94). ARENS. Eine Methode zur Plattenkultur der 

 Anaeroben. Centralb. f. Bakt., Bd. xv, 1894, 

 pp. 15-17. 



The author makes his cultures in ordinary exsiccators 

 having ground glass covers. 



('95). SCHMIDT, AD. Eine einfache Methode zur 

 Zitchtung anaerober Kulturen in fliissigen 

 Nahrboden. Centralb. f. Bakt., xvii Bd., 

 !895, pp. 460-461, i fig. 



('95). BRAATZ, EGBERT. Einiges iiber die Anaero- 

 biose. Centralb. f. Bakt., xvn Bd., 1895, pp 

 737-742, with i fig. 



('95). KEDROWSKI, W. Ueber die Bedingungen, 

 unter iwelchen anaerobe Bakterien auoh bei 

 Gegcnwart von Sauerstoff existiren konnen 

 Zeitsohr. f. Hyg., Bd. xx, 1895, pp. 358-375- 

 They do this best when mixed with aerobes, but the 

 absorption of the oxygen is not so important as Pas- 

 teur supposed. The author believes that the aerobes ex- 

 crete some special substance favorable to the growth of 

 the anaerobes. This substance he did not determine. 



('95). GERSTNER, R. Beitrage zur Kentniss obligat- 

 anae'rober Bakterienarten. Arbeiten aus 

 dem Bakteriologisohen Institut der Tech- 

 nisohen Hochschule zu Carlsruhe, Bd i 

 1895. H. 2, pp. 148-183, with 2 Taf. 



('96). KASPAREK, THEODOR. Bin einfacher Luftab- 

 schluss flussiger Nahrboden beim Kulti- 

 vieren anaerober Bakterien. Centralb. I. 

 Bakt., xx Bd., 1896, pp. 536-537, 2 figs. 



('96). DURHAM, HERBERT E. On a self-acting means 

 of cultivating anaerobic microbes. Jour. 

 Path, and Baot., vol. in, 1896, pp. 231-236. 



('97). BECK, M. Zur Ziichtung anaerober Kulturen. 

 Centralb. f. Bakt., xxn Bd., 1897, pp. 343- 

 345, with 2 figs. 



('98). SCHOLTZ, W. Ueber das Wachstum anaerober 

 Bakterien bei ungehindertem Luftzutritt. 

 Zeitschr. f. Hyg., Bd. xxvii, 1898, pp. 132- 

 142. Review in Centralb. f. Bakt., xxrv Bd., 

 1898, p. 932. 



('98). FERRAN, J. Ueber das aerobische Verhalten 

 des Tetanusbacillus. Centralb. f. Bakt., 

 xxrv Bd., 1898, pp. 28-29. 



Thinks his experiments show tetanus bacillus is not a 

 strict anaerobe, but only a facultative anaerobe. 



