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to obstinacy'. Tlie punishmciit of the whip and spur, Avhen nccessarv, 

 must be inflicted with energy and effect, yet always without passion. 

 Tlie passion of the Horse should ever remind the rider to avoid it in 

 himself, and it should invariably serve him as a memento. A certain 

 kind of counteracting obstinac}^ in the jockey, has often had its effect. 



A colt shall determine, that he will rather break both his OAvn neck 

 and that of his rider, than proceed one inch farther, in a certain direc- 

 tion; his rider, in a language, not unfashionable even at court, being 

 lip to him, determines to try the cause by a demurrer. Taking a i-ein 

 in each hand, setting his knees fast, and holding the spurs as close as 

 possible to the Horse's sides, without actually touching them, he forci- 

 bly keeps the head in the required direction, and in that way retains it, 

 for so long a time, that the animal at length finding it more irksome 

 to stand still in such a forced position, than to proceed, of two evils, 

 chooses the least. On his going forward, he is encouraged, and per- 

 mitted to go at his ease. 



The lessons of colts should not be fatiguing, but at no rate exhausting. 

 It is an old, but a very erroneous and ^'ery dangerous practice, to run 

 obstinate and refractory colts over deep-ploughed grounds, the readiest 

 mode either totally to break their spirit or to render them desperate 

 runaways; and at the extreme risk of injuring their young and yet 

 tender joints, and of creating a predisposition to wind-galls, and bog- 

 spavins, maladies alas, the access of which need not be courted. A 

 dead level and light ground, with a quiet, strong-armed fellow to hold 

 the nag, to the steady stroke of half speed, will soon bring the most 

 mettlesome, or the most resolute Horse, to his sober senses, and indeed 

 soon make his valour malleable ! 



One of the prime objects is, to give the colt a good mouth, that is, 

 possessing sufficient sensibility to enter freely into all the views of the 

 governing hand, without being so tender as to flinch from those fair 

 pulls, absolutely necessary to English, in other words, speedy riding. 

 More of this in another place, which is not at all understood out of 

 England and Ireland, nor by many among ourselves. If the nag have 

 a good forehand, and his head be well set on, it will naturally come 

 into a good place, merely from his going in the colt tackle, and will so 



remain: 



