62 SIR WILLIAM JARDINE ON THE PARR, 



Elmis aenens.' Sphseroderma Cardai. 



Phalacrxjs coruscns.* testacea. 



Cryptophagns cellaria. Haltica nemortiin. 



Byrrhus pilula. Phaedon tumidulaa. 



Necrobia ruficollis. Chrysomela fastuosa. 



Anthonomns fasciatus. Cassida rubiginosa. 



Notaris acridnlus. Coccinella dispar. 



Hypera punctata. globosa. 



nigrirostris. variabilis. 



Otiorhynchus piceus. 11-punctata. 



Apion scneum. Rhyzobius litura. 



■ radiolus. Charseas graminia. 



■ subsulcatum. Pedicea rivosa. 



Adimonia halensia. 



Notice of the Parr. By Sir William Jardine, Bart. 



The fishes inhabiting the rivers of Berwickshire are comparatively 

 limited in the numbers of their species, but some of them are of much 

 importance and value, while others, as the little fish we are now about 

 to notice, although abundant, and familiarly known as a parr, has yet 

 some unravelled mysteries in its history, and there are, I believe, only 

 a few persons at the present time, who are able to say what it really is, 

 or to point out the distinctions which separate it from its congeners. 

 Among naturalists generally, an uncertainty seems to have existed 

 whether this fish was the young of some of the migrating salmon ; but 

 more lately, this opinion seems to have resolved itself into this, whether 

 the parr was a species, or only the young or a variety of the common 

 river trout. The following observations are the result of comparisons 

 made last month between Tweed specimens of the parr and S. Fario. 

 "We shall first, however, shortly notice the habits of the former. 



Among the British Salmonidse, there is no fish where the habits are 

 so regular, or the colours and markings so constant. It delights in 

 the clearest streams, with rocky or gravelly bottoms, and seems pretty 

 generally distributed in Britain in those which have this character ; 

 but is not at all found in the low and flat districts, whore the waters 

 are deep and sluggish. It frequents the shallower fords, or the heads 

 and lower parts of streams, in shoals, hanging nearly in one place, 

 and in constant activity from the exertion, apparentl}" day and night. 

 It takes any bait with the greatest freedom at all times, and when no 

 trout, though abundant among them, will rise or bite. That part of 

 its history which is yet unknown is its breeding. Males are frequently 

 found so far advanced, as to have the milt flow upon being handled ; 

 but at the same period, the females had the roe in a very backward 



* The species of Enicocems and Elmis were found in plenty under stones in the bed 

 of the Whiteadder, particularly just below the bridge nearest to Berwick, 

 ' Uad«r bark. 



