104 HISTORY OF THE 



eighteen dorsal vertebrse, or bones of the back ; 



D, the six lumbar vertebrae, or bones of the loins ; 



E, the five sacral vertebrae, or bones of the haunch; 



F, the caudal vertebrae, or bones of the tail, the 

 usual number being fifteen ; sometimes however 

 they vary. G, the scapula, or shoulder blade ; 

 H. the sternum, fore part of the chest, or breast 

 bone ; I, the costse, or ribs, seven or eight of 

 which, articulating with the sternum, are called 

 the true ribs, and the remaining ten or eleven, 

 which are united together by cartilage, are called 

 false ribs. J, the humerus, or bone of the arm ; 

 K, the radius, or bone of the fore arm ; L, the 

 ulna, or elbow, with processes, the olecranon ; 

 M M, the carpus, or knee, consisting of seven 

 bones ; N N, the metacarpal or shank bones ; the 

 large metacarpal, or cannon, or shank, in front, 

 and the smaller metacarpal or splent bone behind ; 

 g, the fore pastern and foot, consisting of the os 

 sufFragines, or the upper and longer pastern bone, 

 with the sesamoid bones behind, articulating with 

 the cannon and greater pastern, the os coronnae, 

 or lesser pastern, the os pedis, or coffin bone, and 

 the OS naviculare, or naviculer, or shuttle-bone, 

 not seen, and articulating with the smaller pastern 

 and coffin bones ; A, the corresponding bones of 

 the hind feet. O O, the small metacarpal, or 

 splent bones ; P, the pelvis, or haunch, consisting 

 of three portions : the illium, the ischium, and the 

 pubis ; Q, the femur, or thigh bones ; R R, the 

 patella placed on the stifle joints ; S S, the tibia 



