DIVISION ONE — PRE-PASADENIAN. 39 



made all the garments for men, women and children of the work people;* 

 for it must be borne in mind all the time that all these Indian people, num- 

 bering at one period as high as 4,000, were dependent on Father Zalvidea 

 or Father Sanchez, for all their clothing and food, and could only have what 

 he allowed them. This Mission was at this time a perfect ecclesiastical 

 monarchy, or padrearchy. 



Vintyiers — This included vinedressers and winemakers. 



Coopers — This trade alone was kept in the hands of white men (just 

 why, I do not know), while all the others were carried on by Indians under 

 taskmasters. 



Woodsmen — These were wood-choppers, and those who made shakes 

 [split shingles], rived out the undressed staves for wine casks and barrels, 

 hewed building timbers, worked in the sawpits, and all such work as was 

 done in the mountains or canyons where the timber grew. 



In addition to the foregoing, there were task classes of cattle herders, 

 horse herders, sheep herders, agriculturists, orchardists, teamsters, besides 

 bakers, cooks, pages, poulterers and other domestic trades. And thus it will 

 be seen that the man who could systematically develop and supervise all 

 these works, govern the entire Mission territory, acquire the Indian language 

 so as to write and preach in it, and at the same time attend to his daily and 

 weekly duties as a priest, was a man of real genius and extraordinary execu- 

 tive talent. And such was Father Zalvidea, who ruled at San Gabriel from 

 1806 to 1826 ; then he was sent to San Juan Capistrano where he remained 

 until 1842, when he was sent to San L,uis Rey Mission, and died there early 

 in 1846 — probably in February. 



1813-14: Padre Luis Gil y Taboada, commonly known as "Father Gil." 

 He is mentioned as going from San Gabriel to dedicate the new church at 

 the Plaza in Los Angeles, December 8, 1822 ; but whether he had been at 

 San Gabriel all this time I did not find out. (Father Gil, in August, 18 14, 

 laid the corner stone for a church at Los Angeles; but that building never 

 was erected any farther.) 



From March, 1814, to December 30, 1821 (the date of his death), padre 

 Joaquin Pascual Nuez. 



1821 to 1826 thence to 1833, padre Jose Bernardo Sanchez. 



From 1826 to July, 5, 1831, when he died, padre Geronimo Boscana, 

 who wrote the account of Indian myths, traditions and religious beliefs 

 that was translated by Alfred Robinson and published under the title of 

 " Chinigchinich," as an appendix to Robinson's own chapters on " Life in 

 California," published in 1846. 



*The spinning, weaving and tailoring women were in charge of Eulalia Perez de Guillen, the first 

 owner of Rancho San Pasqual. She instructed them, cut out the garments, and had a general oversight 

 of their work. She was cashier or paymaster of the Mission; she kept the keys of the storehouses and 

 dealt out the weeklj' rations. .She also had charge of the money room where little bags of silver dollars 

 were piled up all around as high as she could reach ; and all disbursements of money were made by her 

 on order of the chief padre ; and she kept the accounts. 



