DIVISION ONE — PRE-PASADENIAN. 99 



pointed by Col. Fremont. All these stirring, historic events occurred with- 

 in a few hours, in the Mexican camp within the borders of South Pasadena, 

 on the South slope of Raymond hill ; and now Gen. Pico moved his camp 

 about six miles over on the Verdugo [San Rafael] ranch.* along the old 

 Monterey road toward San Fernando Mission, which place was then his 

 own property! but occupied by Fremont's troops. In Fremont's Memoirs, 

 page 601, he says : " The next morning, [13th] accompanied only by Don 

 Jesus, I rode over to the camp of the Californians, and in a conference with 

 Don Andres the important features of a treaty of capitulation were agreed 

 upon." 



The same day both armies marched to the old Cahuenga ranch house, 

 on the most direct road to lyos Angeles. | There the terms of surrender were 

 completed in form, and signed by the commissioners and commanders on 

 both sides. The Mexicans agreed to turn over all arms, equipments and 

 war materials in their possession, and to assist in restoring peace and order 

 among the people of California, under United States authority ; and on com- 

 plying with this, they were "guaranteed protection of life and property, 

 whether on parole or otherwise.'" Here was the vital point ; for Stockton had 

 doomed Flores, Carrillo, Pico, Garfias, and others to be shot, who had 

 violated their parole after Gillespie had, as they thought, violated the terms 

 on which they had given such parole, but which they had scrupulously ob- 

 served up to that time, Fremont's idea and mission had not been to "con- 

 quer " and subdue the Californians ; but to secure the territory to the United 

 States before England could take it under her protectorate control in accord- 

 ance with Rev. M'Namara's great Irish Catholic colonizing scheme — a pro- 

 ject which came within a few days of being consummated. The plan had 

 been favored by President Santa Ana and his council in Mexico ; and on July 

 7, 1846, the Departmental Assembly of California at L,os Angeles, under Gov. 

 Pio Pico, had formally granted to M'Namara one square league apiece for 

 8,000 Irish Catholic immigrant families, to be colonized in California^ — that 

 measure of land being equal to 13,500,000 acres. [Fremont's Memoirs, p. 553.] 

 M'Namara was then at Santa Barbara, fresh from Mexico ; and on the i6th 



*The Mexicans had a small force encamped here before to watch Fremont's movements. And be- 

 cause of these two camps, ard because Gen. Pico was visited hy Gen. Fremont here, much confusion has 

 arisen, and manv erroneous statements have been published in regard to the whole matter of Fremont's 

 negotiations. Hence I have taken extra pains to identify localities and to trace the rapidly occurring 

 incidents in their chronological order. That sub-camp was near the old Verdugo ranch house, about 

 where the village of Glendale now stands. 



fin December, 1S45, Andres Pico and Juan Manso had leased San Fernando old Mission and ranch 

 for $1,120 per year. 



jGen. Pico's camp at Provideiicia [near Glendale] was only five or six miles from Cahuenga : but 

 Fremont's troops had to march sixteen or seventeen miles, as the road then ran by way of rancho f;i En- 

 cino to a ford and thence down the west bank of the Los Angeles river to Cahuenga pass. 



<;Gov Pico and the Spanish consul both urged the assembly to make the grant. On July 6 it was 

 referred to Bandini and his brother-in-law Arguello as a committee. They put in 'stipulations" 

 which in practical working spoiled it alike for an ecclesiastical scheme, a speculation scheme, or a Brit- 

 ish government scheme, and then recommended its passage. And it was passed without noticing that 

 Bandini had sawed off its teeth so it couldn't feed itself or anybody else However, if the British had 

 succeeded in getting a protectorate foothold under that grant, they would have found a way to make it 

 stick. 



