DIVISION EIGHT — SCIENCE. 535 



It will be seen, therefore, that by the latest and highest scientific au- 

 thority we are given a range of anywhere from ten thousand to one hundred 

 thousand years for the period of man's existence on the Pacific coast; and I 

 think our Pasadena ' ' old settlers, ' ' who ground their food seeds in stone 

 metates on Reservoir Hill, were about as ancient as any whose remains have 

 yet been found under conditions to well authenticate their remote antiquity. 

 And the great number of specimens found here, besides the much worn con- 

 dition of many of them, show that the place was occupied as a village for a 

 long period. Some Indians within the past fifty years have used metates 

 and mealing stones very similar to those found here, and this has been cited 

 as an ar{jument against me in regard to the great antiquity of these remains. 

 But this proves nothing; for I, myself, in October, 1894, saw a Spanish 

 woman in her own kitchen preparing food for her own family with a metate 

 and mealing stone just like some that I have gathered from Reservoir Hill. 

 It served the purpose alike in either case, to pulverize edible seeds, or bruise 

 edible roots and herbs ; but the Spanish woman could have had other and 

 very difierent implements, while with the primitive woman, those rude, un- 

 fashioned stones were the only tools known in the world for doing such 

 work, in her lifetime. 



DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF STONE IMPLEMENTS. 



Gathered from the Orange Grove Reservoir Hill, where they had been 

 buried four to five fieet deep by natural causes, on the highest point of ground 

 in the vicinity, with the land sloping from it in every direction. 



A. K. McQuilling's collection : One small sized flat oblong metate. 

 [Pronounced me-tah-ty ; used as the bottom stone for making meal from 

 dried acorns and various small seeds.] Material, grayish syenite ; 9^ in. 

 long, 7 in, wide, 2^ in. thick. 



One typical mealing stone, for rubbing or grinding acorns, etc., into 

 meal on a metate ; oblong-flat, artistically shaped, coarse bluish-pinkish 

 syenite — both flat sides well worn ; 4^ in. long, 3^ in. wide, 1^8 in. thick. 



One convexoid mealing stone, of fine grained bluish syenite ; both 

 sides worn; 3 in. in diam., i^ in. thick. 



One oval-oblong rubbing stone, of bluish-pinkish syenite ; 4^ in. long; 

 two sides worn. 



One oblong-triangular rubbing stone, two facets worn flat and one 

 rounded; material, bluish syenite; 5^ in. long. 



One narrow oblong-roundish rubbing stone, of bluish-grayish syenite ; 

 two sides worn ; 4^ in. long. 



One roller stone, of grayish syenite ; worn smooth all around; 5^ in. 

 long, 3 in. diam. [Used for mashing food substances by rolling over them 

 on a flat metate]. 



One 14-toothed cog-wheel stone, of brownish granite ; sides flat ; cogs 

 uniform, and pretty well made, the creases or indentations being about 3-16 

 in. deep. The wheel is 3 in. in diam. and i in. thick.* 



*I have a stone of same size, shape and material, but with 12 cogs instead of 14, which was found in 

 Puddingstone creek near San Dimas station on the Santa Fe railroad, 25 miles east of Pasadena. 

 — [H. A. Reid. 



