DIVISION EIGHT — SCIENCE. 539 



ranch ; another was just east of the Raymond ; another a mile to the east. 

 At all these places except one I found specimens, and at all of them the 

 mortars [metates] were from one to three or four feet down. [?] When they 

 went on a journey these people buried their stone utensils; others were 

 buried with their dead. It had not occurred to me that the reservoir site 

 was different from the others. My finds there, as I remember them, 

 resembled other finds ; and my idea was, that while they might be many 

 hundred years old, they were probably in use during the last one hundred 

 and fifty or two hundred years. The granite out of which many of them 

 were made disintegrates very rapidly. One found at Linda Vista fell in 

 pieces when I picked it up. I am glad some scientist is investigating these 

 things and collecting them, as they are passing away." 



In regard to the Indian village sites, their burial customs, etc., see 

 chapter i. For further particulars about glacier action within Pasadena- 

 land, see parts of chapters 29 and 30. About Indian graves, and how their 

 stone implements happen to be buried, see page 31, 32. 



CHAPTER XXIX. 



Geology. — What Geological Age? — Kinds of Rocks. — How these Mountains were 

 made. — The Gold Vein. — Other Mineral Formations. — The Oil Question. — Glacier 

 work in Pasadenaland. — Glacial enamelings at Devil's Gate. — " Glacial till." — 

 Terminal moraines. — Lateral moraines. — Boulder clay. 



GEOLOGY. 

 ■ Prof. J. D. Whitney was State Geologist of California from i860 to 1870; 

 and in Geol. of Cal., Vol. i, preface, he states that up to June 30, 1866, the 

 legislature had appropriated a total of $95,600 for his work. But the work 

 had to be finally abandoned, less than half done, for want of funds. And 

 of what was done, South California received only a few pitiful crumbs that 

 fell from the north section's table.* And of these crumbs Pasadenaland got 

 her little share ; for Mrs. Shorb remembers that Prof. Whitney's party had 

 their camp a few weeks early in 1861, only a few rods east from where Hon. 

 J. DeBarth Shorb 's fine residence, "San Marino," now stands, at the south 

 end of Shorb Avenue. I have gleaned from Prof. Whitney's published re- 

 port a few points which almost touch Pasadena. He says : 



' ' The principal group of mountains included in the portion of the coast 

 ranges now under consideration are, the Sierra Santa Monica, the San Gab- 

 riel, the Temescal, and the Santa Ana ranges. These will be taken up in 

 this order, and the result of our very hasty examinations iri this region 

 given.' ^ 



*" Scientifically considered Southern California is almost a terra incognita. Of the geological for- 

 mation of our part of the Slate we know but little. There has been but little done towards classifying 

 the r.icks of our hills and mountains, or analyzing the soil 01 our valleys. Its mineralogy, too, has been 

 neglected although gold was discovered and succes fully mined in the canyons ol the Sierra Madres 

 forty years before Marshall found nuggets in the mill-race at Q.o\omaL."—Jnaugural address 0/ president oj 

 Sou. Cal. Historical Society ,iS:^. 



