174 



NATURAL HISTORY OF VERMONT. 



Part I. 



SMALL TREES. 



VERMONT PLANTS RARE IN OTHliR STATES, 



Besides the above, tliere are several 

 trees of small size. 



Striped Maple. Acer Pcnnsylvaiiicum. 

 Mountain JNlaple. Akt moiilaiuim. 

 Clioke Cherry. Pninvs VirginiaiM. 

 June Berry. Amdav^hicr Canadensis. 

 Mountain Ash. Scrims Amfriacna. 

 Wild Yellow Plum, or "Canada Plum." 



Prunvs Americana. 



And also many large shrubs, which 

 sometimes become small trees. 



The Stag's Horn Sumac. likus'ti/pMnn. 

 The Poison Sumac, or Dogwood. Pkus 



venen^a. 

 The Hawthorns. Craiacgns cocrincn, i\'C. 

 The Witch Hazel. Haiiunnelis Virginiaiui. 

 The High Laurel. Kalinia lali folia. 

 Several species of Willow and Alder. 

 Several species of Cornus., Vibuniu/n, tf-c. 



The Forest Trees of New England not 

 found in \'ermont are, 

 The Tulip Tree. Lirioden/lron Tulipifcra. 

 Sweet Gum. Li<iui<lambar Sli/radjiiia. 

 Black Walimt. Juglans nigra. 

 White Hickory, Cari/a alia. 

 White Cedar of Middle States. Ciiprcssvs 



thijoulrs. 

 Chestnut Oak. Qucrcns Castama. 

 Post Oak. Qiirrcus oh'vsiloba. 

 Cotton Tree. Popvlus hdcropliijlln . 



There are three species found in Ver- 

 mont, and not elsewhere in N. England. 

 The Overcup White Oak. Qncrcus ma- 



crorarpa. 

 The Northern Cork Elm. Ulmvs raccmosa. 

 The Heart-leaved Balsam Poplar. Popu- 



liis cawlicans. 



The Overcup Wliite Oak belongs to tlie 

 states of the West, and has not been found 

 even in New York. It was found in ]82!», 

 by Dr. Bobbins, in many towns on the 

 western border of tlie state from St. Al- 

 bans to Bennington. It is distinguished 

 by the great size of the acorn, and the 

 fringed border of the cup. 



The A'ortliern Cork Bark Elm was first 

 found in the state of New York, and was 

 described by Mr. Thomas, in Silliman's 

 Journal, in the same 3'ear (182!)) that it 

 was found by Dr. Bobbins in Bennington 

 and Pownal. It is easily distinguished 

 from the other New England species by 

 the broad plates of cork on its branches. 



Three fine species of Po^;/ar, the two Bal- 

 sam Poplars, and the magnificent Vermont 

 Poplar, Populus monilifera, are scarcely 

 found unless cultivated, in any otlier of 

 the New England states. Neitlicr of 

 these three Poplars, nor the Cotton Pop- 

 lar, have been found native in New York 

 by the Botanists of that State, according 

 to the late Report and Catalogue of Dr. 



Torrey. (According to the younger Mi- 

 chaux, tlie Cotton Poplar is found native 

 in tlie west of New York.) 



The Vermont Poplar, and the Heart- 

 leaved Balsam Poplar, wliicli Dr. Bobbins 

 found wild in many parts of Vermont, 

 were not seen native in North America 

 by either the elder or younger Michaux, 

 and do not appear to have been previous- 

 ly seen in a wild state by any Botanist in 

 the United States. 



List of Vermont Plants not found in 

 any other New England state. 



Anemone Pennsylvanica, 



" Hudsoniana, 



Corydalis aurea. 

 Nasturtium natans, 

 Sisymbrium teres, 

 Draba arabisans, 

 Sinapis arvensis. Introduced 

 Cerastium nutans, 

 Flcerkea proserpinacoides, 

 Ceanothus ovalis, 

 Lathyrus ochroleucus, 

 Piiaca Bobbinsii, 

 Zizia integerrima, 

 Symphoricarpus racemosus, 

 Viburnum pubescens, 

 Valeriana sylvatica, 

 Aster ptarmicoides, 

 Solidago humilis, 

 Pterospora andromedea, 

 Justicia Americana, 

 Shepherdia Canadensis, 

 Euphorbia platyphylla, 

 Quercus macrocarpa, 

 Populus candicans, 

 " monilifera, 



Ulmus racemosa, 

 Listera convallarioides, 

 Calypso bulbosa, 

 Trillium grandiflorum, 

 Zannichellia ])alustris, 

 Carex eburnea, 

 Equisetum varicgatum, 

 Aspidium aculeatum, 

 Pteris gracilis. 



Besides the species in the above list, 

 many of which are among the rarest and 

 most interesting plants of the U. S. there, 

 are a great number of species common 

 in the west of Vermont, and of Massachu- 

 setts and Connecticut, which are entirely 

 unknown in the eastern parts of New 

 England. Among these we may mention 

 the Ginseng, the Golden Corydalis, the 

 curious and beautiful species of Dielytra, 

 and the Spring Beauty, Cla\'tonia Caroli- 



Of the four beautiful species of Lady ^s 

 most delicate and brilliant blossoms, 

 ground in the woods with its cheerful and 

 niana, which in early spring spangles the 



