Part III. 



GAZETTEER OF VERMONT. 



43 



CALDERSBURGH. 



CALEDONIA COUNTY. 



CAMBRIDGE. 



and is every year seen at his old occupa- 

 tion of clearing land, though not upon 

 so extensive a scale as in an earlier day. 

 He is occasionally heard to remark when 

 speaking of " olden times," that he sup- 

 poses himself to have been once the most 

 respectable man in town, inasmuch as he, 

 at an early day, remained here one week 

 when no other human being was within 

 the limits of the township. This town- 

 ship is watered by two branches of Wi- 

 nooski river, one entering it near the 

 northeast, the other near the northwest 

 corner. They unite near the south line 

 of the town, affording, in their course, a 

 great number of valuable privileges for 

 mills and other machinery It is also well 

 watered with springs and brooks. The 

 soil is a warm loam, easily cultivated, 

 well adapted to the production of all kinds 

 of grain and is not inferior to other towns 

 in its vicinity for grazing. The surface 

 of the township is somewhat uneven, but 

 verv little of it so broken as to be incapa- 

 ble of cultivation. The timber on the 

 streams is mostly hemlock, spruce and 

 pine ; on the higher lands, maple, beech, 

 &c. The lowest lands here are in gen- 

 eral driest and the most feasible soil. The 

 north line of the township intersects two 

 considerable ponds. There are several 

 other small, but beautiful ponds lying 

 within the township, and which abound 

 with trout and other fish. Long pond lies 

 in the northwest part of the town. In 

 one autumn, 2,0001bs. of trout were taken 

 from this pond with a hook, which sold 

 for $8 per cwt. In the spring of some 

 years, at the inlet of this pond, more than 

 two tons offish have been thrown out of 

 the channel with the hands and with 

 baskets. There are several springs in 

 town, whose waters are quite brackish ; 

 their medicinal qualities, however, liave 

 never been thoroughly tested. There are 

 11 saw mills, 5 grist mills, 1 store, and 2 

 post offices, in town. Slatistics of 1840. — 

 Horses, 2.52 ; cattle, 2,919; sheep, 5,409; 

 swine, 666 ; wheat, bu. 3,630 ; barley, 1.52; 

 oats, 18,473 ; rye, 578 ; buck wheat, 1,394; 

 Ind. corn, 5,089 ; potatoes, 24,246 ; hay, 

 tons, 5,899; sugar, lbs. 24,420; wool, 

 14,160. Population, 1079. s. w. 



Calderseukgii. — This name was al- 

 tered to Morgan, October 19, 1801. See 

 Morgan. 



Caledonia County is bounded north- 

 east by Esse.x county, east by Connecti- 

 cut river, which separates it from Grafton 

 county, N. H. south by Orange county, 

 west by Washington county, and north- 

 west by Orleans county. It lies between 

 44^" 9' and 44° 45' north lat. and between 

 4" 25' and 5^ 4' east long, and contains 



about 700 square miles. This county was 

 incorporated November 5, 1792. Danville 

 is the seat of justice. The Supreme 

 Court sits here on the 7th after the 4th 

 Tuesday in January, and the County 

 Court on the first Tuesday in June and 

 December, annually. The Passumpsic 

 and some smaller tributaries of the Con- 

 necticut, water the east part of the coun- 

 ty, and Winooski river is formed in the 

 western part. The Lamoille river rises 

 near the northwest corner. The height 

 of lands, or eastern range of the Green 

 Mountains, extends through the western 

 part of the county. Between this range 

 and the Connecticut, and along the Pas- 

 sumpsic, is a fine farming country, with 

 several pleasant villao-es. Statistics of 

 1840.— Horses, 5,852; cattle, 32,668; 

 sheep, 100,886 ; swine, 18,991 ; wheat, bu. 

 .52,109; barley, 12,291; oats, 342,433; 

 rve, 1,799; bu. wheat, 12,005 ; Ind. corn, 

 .52,3.50; potatoes. 1,066,848; hay, tons, 

 67,077; sugar, lbs. 665,397; wool, 183,- 

 198. Population, 21891. 



Cambridge, a post town in the west- 

 ern part of Lamoille county, in lat. 44" 

 38' and long. 4" 11', is bounded north- 

 easterly by Waterville and a part of 

 Fletcher, easterly b}' Sterling and a part 

 of Johnson, south by Underliill, and west- 

 erly by Fletcher, is 30 miles northwest 

 from Montpelier, and 22 northeast from 

 Burlington, was granted Nov. 7, 1780, 

 chartered to Samuel Robinson, John 

 Fasset, jr. Jonathan Fasset, and their as- 

 sociates, August 13, 1781, and contains 

 28,-533 acres" The first settler of this 

 town was John Spaftbrd. He came into 

 town May 8, 1783, planted two acres of 

 corn, which was overflowed with water in 

 the fjill, and nearly all destroyed. He 

 moved his flimily, consisting of a wife and 

 two children, into town from Pierniont,N. 

 H. in November. The town was survey- 

 ed, this year, by Amos Fasset. In 1784, 

 Amos Fasset, Stephen Kinsley, John Fas- 

 set, jr. and Samuel Montague moved their 

 families here from Bennington, and Noah 

 Chittenden his from Arlington, Vt. The 

 first saw mill was built, this year, by 

 Amos Fasset. Thirty-five persons spent 

 the second winter here. In 1785, David 

 SafFord and others moved into town from 

 Bennington.* When Mr. SpaflTord came 

 into town, there were no inhabitants or 

 road between this place and Hazcn's road 

 in Craftsbury, and they who came from 

 Bennington, had to cut their road for ten 

 miles through the woods. Tlie first set- 



* Mr Safford was one of the Spartan band who do- 

 fended the house of James Breakenridge, against tho 

 New YorkSheriii' and his posse. See part Becond, 

 page 21. 



