Part III. 



GAZETTEER OF VERMONT. 



107 



LUNENBUKGH. 



LUNESBURGH. 



the stream. The highest of the table 

 lands in Ludlow, of which there are three 

 elevations, was undoubtedly formed by 

 the lake while in its original form ; and 

 the successive disruptions of the serpen- 

 tine range, before mentioned, and the 

 barrier at the head of Dutton's falls, 

 would easily account for the formation of 

 the two lower tiers. 



Iron ore of the purest kind, and equal 

 to the Franconia ore, has been found on 

 •' Bear Hill," a lofty eminence in tlie 

 southwest corner of the town ; and, min- 

 gled with the common ore, are found 

 masses of the native magnet, beautiful 

 specimens of the specular and micaceous 

 oxydes, and the sulphuret of iron. On 

 the serpentine range, in the south east 

 corner of the town, are found masses of 

 chlorite, containing the magnetic oxyde 

 of iron in handsome octaedral chrystals. 

 Separate them from their bed, and the 

 magnet of Bear Hill will pick them up in 

 any quantity. Isolated, but most elegant 

 specimens of cacholong, amethyst, and 

 epidote in chrystals, have been also 

 found. 



Bears are still common upon the moun- 

 tain : deer are occasionally seen ; the 

 wolf and wild cat, in the earlier period of 

 the settlement, abounded in the forests, 

 and the otter in the streams. The woods 

 are still well stored with game of the 

 smaller kinds, and the ponds and brooks 

 are the resort of fishermen for miles. Sta- 

 tistics O/1840.— Horses. 277 ; cattle, 1,906; 

 sheep, 4,661; swine, 6!'3 ; wheat, bus. 

 1,385; barley, 03; oats, 7,621 ; rye, .583; 

 buckwheat, 643 ; Indian corn, 3,060 ; po- 

 tatoes, 23,626 ; hay, tons, 3,600 ; sugar, 

 lbs. 5,154; wool, 9,069. Population, 1363. 



Oct., ^84l. p. T. w. 



LuNENEURGH, a post town in Essex 

 county, is in lat. 44" 28' and long. 5'' 15', 

 containing 46 square miles. It lies 45 miles 

 east northeast from Montpelier, is bound- 

 ed northwest by Victory, northeast by 

 Guildhall, southeast by Connecticut riv- 

 er, southwest by Concord, and is opposite 

 to Dalton, in N. H. It was chartered 

 July 5, 1763, and granted to David Page, 

 Jonathan Grout and others. It is difficult 

 to determine the precise time when the 

 first settlement of this town was com- 

 menced. The settlement which was be- 

 gun in the lower part of Guildhall about 

 the year 1764 was long thought to be in 

 this township ; and one of the farms, ly- 

 in a bow of Connecticut river, which was 

 first occupied, still bears the name of the 

 " Lunenburgh farm." This town was 

 probably settled as early as 1770, and was 

 organized " at a meeting of the major 

 part of the inhabitants, Sept. 11, 178i." 



David Hopkins was first town clerk. The 

 religious denominations are Congrega- 

 tionalists. Baptists and Methodists. The 

 Congregational church in Lunenburgh 

 was organized in 1802, and then consist- 

 ed of 16 members. The male members 

 of the society for settling and supporting 

 a minister of this order, amounted to 26, 

 and in the spring of the next year they 

 settled the Rev. John Willard for their 

 pastor. He continued his connexion with 

 them till the spring of 1822, but did not 

 preach constantly during several of the 

 last years. On the 16th of July of this 

 year, they settled the Rev. Anson Hub- 

 bard, who was dismissed July 6, 1825, 

 and was succeeded January 10, 1827, by 

 Jeremiah Glines, the present minister. 

 Their meeting house was erected about 

 1789. The Rev. E. L. Clark is minister 

 of the Baptist society, and the Rev. E. 

 Petingill of the Methodist. The latter 

 built a house of worship in 1839. The 

 Baptists also erected a small meeting- 

 house many years ago. The dysentary 

 was very mortal here in 1822, as was the 

 canker rash in 1832. Some part of this 

 township is extremely stoney, particu- 

 larly the southwestern, next to Concord, 

 where the ground is almost wholly cover- 

 ed with detached rolling masses of gray 

 granite. The earth to a considerable 

 depth appears to be a diluvial formation, 

 consisting of rounded masses of granite 

 imbedded in clay and gravel. The north 

 eastern part is less stoney and presents a 

 valuable farming country, particularly 

 the flats along the river, which are a deep 

 alluvial deposit and very productive. 

 The timber is generally hardwood. The 

 road from Danville to Guildhall passes 

 through this town. Connecticut river 

 waters the southeastern part of the town- 

 ship, and near the south corner com- 

 mences the Fifteen viile fulls. Its other 

 waters are JVeai's pond near the centre of 

 the town, which is about a mile long and 

 half a mile wide, and A^euVs branch, 

 which passes through it, and Catboio 

 branch which rises in Guildhall and runs 

 through the east corner into Connecticut 

 river. These are both considerable mill 

 streams. The inhabitants are industrious 

 and enterprising. The town is divided 

 into 11 school districts, which are furnish- 

 ed with school houses. There are 2 stores, 

 1 tavern, 1 grist and 3 saw mills, 1 ful- 

 ling mill, 1 carding machine, 2 tanneries, 

 1 starch factory, 2 clover mills, &c. — 

 Statistics of 1740. — Horses, .325; cattle, 

 1,888; sheep, 3,549 ; swine, 917; wheat, 

 bush. 3,308; barley, 462; oats, 11,960; 

 rye, 761; buckwheat, 1,086; Indian 

 corn, 1,628; potatoes, 81,630 ; hay, tons, 



