Part III. 



GAZETTEER OF VERMONT. 



163 



SLOOP ISLAND. 



SOMERSET. SOUTH BAV. SOUTH HERO. 



SPRINGFIELD. 



as is common to the tuountain towns. 

 There are, in town, (i saw mills, 4 stores 

 and extensive copperas works. Statistics of 

 1840.— Horses, 3oD; cattle, '2,969 ; sheep, 

 4,750; swine, 639; wheat, bus. 52S ; oats, 

 7,716; rye, 1,477; buck-wheat, 43; Ind. 

 corn, 1 ,658 ; potatoes, 55,005 ; ha}', tons, 

 4,788; sugar, lbs. 38,1*81 ; wool, 11,835. 

 Population, 1,*21S. 



Sloop Island, a small island in the 

 lake against Charlotte, said to have been 

 mistaken for a sloop and fired upon, in a 

 fog-, during the revolution. 



Sjiitufield. Sec Faiifidd. 



SocsALBOROUH. See Clarendon. 



Somerset, a township in the western 

 part of Windham county, in lat. 42° .58' 

 and long. 4S 8', and is bounded north by 

 Stratton, east by Dover and a part of 

 Wardsborough, south by Searsburgh and 

 a part of Wilmington, and west by Glas- 

 tenbury. It lies 14 miles northeast from 

 Bennington and 16 northwest from Brat- 

 tleborough. The townehip is but little 

 settled, and is very mountainous. The 

 most noted mountain is mount Pisgali, 

 which extends along the eastern part of 

 the township. Deertield river is the prin- 

 cipal stream. It runs through the town- 

 ship from north to south. Moose branch 

 runs along the western part of the town- 

 ship, and unites with Deertield river in 

 Searsburgh. It contains three school- 

 houses, 4 saw mills and a meetinghouse. 

 Statistics of 1840. — Horses, 41; cattle, 

 421 ; sheep, 426; swine, 170; wheat, bu. 

 115; barley, 52; oats, l,.53l ; rye, 284; 

 buck wheat, 144', Indian corn, 151 ; po- 

 tatoes, 9,930 ; hay, tons, 777 ; sugar, lbs., 

 5,440 ; wool, 993. Population, 262. 



South Bay. There are two bays of 

 this name ; one at the south end of lake 

 Champlain near Whitehall, and the other 

 at the south end of lake Memphremagog, 

 between Salem and Newport. 



South Hero, a post town in the south 

 part of Grand Isle county, is in lat. 44^" 

 38', and long. 3"^ 44', and is bounded north 

 by tlie township of Grand Isle, and on all 

 other parts by lake Champlain. It lies 

 twelve miles northwest from Burlington 

 and 16 southwest from St. Albans. This 

 township was chartered together with 

 Grand Isic, North Hero, and Vineyard, 

 to Ethan Allen, Samuel Herrick and 

 others, October 27, 1779. North and 

 South Hero were separated into two 

 townships in 1788, and in 1798 South 

 Hero was divided into two townships 

 by the name of South Hero and Middle 

 Hero. The name of Middle Hero has 

 since been altered to Grand Isle. — 

 South Hero contains 9,065 acres. The 

 gettlenjent was comnjeDced here about 



the year 1784. A Congregational cliurch 

 was formed in this town in 1795 and a 

 Methodist society in 1802. In the early 

 settlement ot this part of the country the 

 inhabitants of this as well as other town- 

 ships in Grand Isie county were afllicted 

 with intermittent fevers ; but since the 

 country has become cleared and cultiva- 

 ted, this is as healthy as almost any por- 

 tion of the state. The communication 

 between this township and Chittenden 

 county is facilitated by a sand bar, which 

 renders the lake fordable for a considera- 

 ble part of the year. The mouth of the 

 river Lamoille is now more than a mile 

 south of the sand bar, but it is supposed 

 to have been formerly on the north of it ; 

 and this bar has probably been formed by 

 the sand brought down by this river. The 

 sand is thought to be continually accu- 

 mulating and this bar may at some future 

 period become a dry and permanent road 

 from the island to the main land. The 

 basis of this, as well as of the other islands, 

 which constitute Grand Isle county, is 

 limestone of different varieties, but mostly 

 of the compact kind. In some parts it 

 abounds with shells. The surface of the 

 land is generally level. The soil is ex- 

 cellent, consisting of loam, sand, marl 

 and clay, but marl is the most common. 

 There is but little doubt but that lake 

 Champlain was once much more exten- 

 sive than it is at present, and tlie whole 

 of the county of Grand Isle was probably 

 covered with water. The limestone in 

 South [lero is generally of the shelly 

 kind, makes good lime, and some quar- 

 ries of it, though capable of being burned 

 into lime, are employed for fire places, 

 and will endure the heat of a culinary 

 fire for a long time. Statistics of i SAO. — 

 Horses, 207 ; cattle, 984 ; sheep, 10,779 ; 

 sv/ine, 575; .wheat, bu., 1,917; barley, 

 479; oats, 8,638; rye, 2,278; buckwheat, 

 411; Indian corn, 3,000; potatoes, 13,- 

 076; hay, tons, 2,182; sugar, lbs. 6,852; 

 wool, 23,044. Population, 664. 



Springfield, a post town in the south 

 east corner of Windsor county, is in lat. 

 43° 17' and long. 4'=' 28', and is bounded 

 north by Weathersfield, east by Connect- 

 icut river, which separates it from Charles- 

 town, N. H., south by Rockingham, and 

 west by Chester and a small part of Bal- 

 timore. It lies 13 miles south from Wind- 

 sor, 68 from Montpelier and 30 north from 

 Brattleborough. It was chartered Au- 

 gust 20, 1761, containing 26,400 acres. 

 Among the first settlers were Mr. Simeori 

 Stevens and the Hon. Lewis R. Morris, 

 There are five religious societies, Congre- 

 gationalists Baptists, Methodists, Episco- 

 palians and Universalists. The Congre 



