524 BUSINESS MANAGEMENT 



is its use as sho\NTi to analyze a given farm, thereby to enable the 

 poultry keeper to know at any time just how his business is running, 

 where the weak places are and how best to meet them. Second, one 

 of the greatest benefits of such a survey method is the opportunity 

 which it offers of being able to make studies of man}' different 

 farms of various tjTaes and then by combining the results of such 

 studies an analysis of an entire t^-pe of farming orof an entire indus- 

 tr}^ may be made. 



Some Results of Farm Surveys. — Some brief results of poultry 

 farm surveys taken recently in various parts of the United States 

 ^^^ll be of interest to show the average condition of the industry on 

 the types of farms studied. It must be rememberedt hat the results 

 given are averages for the entire population studied, and that 

 there were many farms which did much better than the following 

 average and some which did poorer. 



The following are some average figures from a poultry farm 

 survey of 150 one-man conmiercial poultry farms in the state of 

 New Jersey, made during the year 1915-16. These represent a dis- 

 tinct type of rather intensive poultry husbandry, yet, as a whole, 

 they show a very satisfactory labor income : 



150 one-man poultry farms in New Jersey. 



11.6 acres average size of each farm. 



720 hens the average number on each farm. 



111.2 eggs per hen was the average production. 



$1.76 represented the average yearly feed cost per bird. 



$7243 was the average amount of capital invested per farm. 



$730 was the average labor income per farm, which means a labor income 



of $1.00 per bird, or a labor income equal to 10 per cent on the 



investment. 



Distribution of Income and Operating Charges on These 150 Farms. 



Distribution of Income 



Market eggs $2099.80 



Hatcliing eggs 160.70 



Pullets 56.40 



Baby chicks 64.71 



Broilers and cockerels 165.50 



Fowls 209.04 



Crops other than poultry . 62.00 



Total $2818.15 



Distribution of Operating Charges 



Feed $1301.00 or 46 per cent of 



total expenses. 

 730.00 Labor income 



Labor 123.90 Day labor. 



$ 853.90 or 30 per cent of 

 total e.xpenses. 

 Overhead 



Depreciation, repairs and 



insurance $301.10 



Interest on investment. . . . ■ 362.15 



$663.25 



or, 24 per cent, of total e.xpenses. 



Total expenses $2818.15 



