70 Of the Management of Fire 



Now as each portion of soup consisted of i lb., this 

 gives 0.3 of a pound of wood for each pound of soup. 



Experiment No. 6. The first kitchen of the House 

 of Industry having been pulled down, it was afterwards 

 rebuilt on a different principle. Instead of copper 

 boilers, iron boilers of a hemispherical form were now 

 used, and each of these boilers had its own separate 

 closed fire-place ; the boiler being suspended by its 

 rim in the brick-work, and room being left for the flame 

 to play all round it. The smoke went off into the 

 chimney by an horizontal canal, 5 inches wide and 5 

 inches high, which was concealed in the mass of brick- 

 work, and which opened into the fire-place on the 

 side opposite to the opening by which the fuel was 

 introduced. 



The fire was made on a flat iron grate placed directly 

 under the boiler, and distant from its bottom about 1 2 

 inches. The ash-pit door was furnished with a reg- 

 ister; but there was no damper to the canal by which 

 the smoke went off into the chimney, which was a 

 very great defect. The opening into the fire-place was 

 closed by an iron door. Each of these iron boilers 

 weighed about 148 Ibs. avoirdupois, was 25! Eng- 

 lish inches in diameter, and 14.935 inches deep, and 

 contained 190!- Ibs. Bavarian weight of water, equal to 

 235.91 Ibs. avoirdupois, or about 28^ English wine- 

 gallons. 



From this account of the manner in which these iron 

 boilers were fitted up, it is evident that the arrangement 

 was not essentially different from that of kitchens for 

 hospitals as they are commonly constructed. 



From experiments made with care, and often re- 

 peated, I found that to prepare 89 portions (or 89 Ibs. 



