Fire-places and Kitchen Utensils. 197 



have been made of 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 inches in diame- 

 ter ; and, in order that those of the same diameter might 

 be of different capacities, they were made of three differ- 

 ent depths, namely, |, 1, and f their diameter in depth. 

 Not only the numbers which show their diameters, but 

 the fractions also which express their depths, are marked 

 on their handles, or on their brims. 



The size of a private kitchen, or the number and size 

 of its separate closed fire-places, and of its boilers and 

 stewpans, must be regulated by the size of the family, 

 or rather by the style of living ; for, where sumptuous 

 entertainments are occasionally provided for large com- 

 panies, the kitchen must be spacious and its arrangement 

 complete, however small the family may be, or however 

 moderate the expenses of their table may be in their 

 ordinary course of living in private. 



Yet when kitchens are fitted up on the principles I 

 am desirous of recommending, neither the size of the 

 kitchen, nor the number or dimensions of its utensils, 

 will occasion any addition to the table expenses of the 

 family in their ordinary course of living when they have 

 no company, which is an important advantage that these 

 kitchens have over those on the common construction. 



In large kitchens with open fire-places, the kitchen 

 range being wide and very roomy, an enormous quan- 

 tity of fuel is swallowed up by it, even when only a very 

 small quantity of food is provided ; but this unnecessary 

 waste is completely prevented by cooking in boilers 

 and stewpans properly fitted into separate closed fire- 

 places. 



More fuel is frequently consumed in a kitchen range 

 to boil a tea-kettle than, with proper management, would 

 be sufficient to cook a dinner for fifty men. 



