Fire-places and Kitchen Utensils. 271 



In setting the iron frame of the door of a closed 

 fire-place, care should be taken to mask the metal by 

 setting the bricks before it in such a manner that no 

 part of the frame may be seen (if I may use that expres- 

 sion) by the fire. This precaution should be used in 

 constructing fire-places of all sizes, otherwise the frame 

 of the fire-place door will be heated very hot by the 

 rays from the burning fuel, especially when the fire- 

 place is large, and its form will soon be destroyed by 

 the frequent expansion and contraction of the metal. 

 The consequences of this change of form will be the 

 loosening of the frame in the brick-work, and the admis- 

 sion of air into the fire-place over the fire between 

 the sides of the frame and the brick-work, and likewise 

 between the frame and its door, which will no longer 

 fit each other. 



The expense of keeping large fire-places in repair is 

 very considerable, as I have learned from some of the 

 London brewers. More 'than nine tenths of that expense 

 might easily be saved by constructing the machinery 

 more scientifically, and using it with care. 



Fig. 15, page 261, is a front view; and Fig. 16, page 

 262, represents a vertical section of a roaster, set in 

 brick-work. The hollow spaces represented in Fig. 16 

 are expressed by strong vertical lines ; namely, the ash- 

 pit, A ; the fire-place, B ; the space between the out- 

 side of the roaster and the arch of brick-work which 

 surrounds it, C; the broad canal at the farther end 

 of the roaster, by which the smoke descends, D ; and 

 the place E, where it turns, in order to pass upwards into 

 the chimney by the perpendicular canal, F. The brick- 

 work is expressed by fainter lines drawn in the same 

 direction. 



