Fire-places and Kitchen Utensils. 423 



This kettle holds about 3 quarts of water, which can 

 be made to boil with the combustion of 9^ oz. of 

 wood. 



The following kettle holds about i gallon, and may 

 be made to boil with f Ib. of wood, which would cost 

 just | of a farthing : 



Fig. 69. 



The following kettle is not essentially different from 

 those two last described, except in the form of its handle. 

 It holds about 3 quarts. 



Fig. 70. 



The cylindrical opening of this kettle above, where 

 the water is introduced, is considerably wider than those 

 in the two foregoing figures. It was made wider because 

 it was necessary to make it lower, in order to make room 

 for the hand without raising the handle too high. When 

 this part of a tea-kettle is made very narrow, it must be 

 made high to afford room for the expansion of the water 



