slightly darkened by cold nitric acid but became lighter on heat- 

 ing, forming a light spongy mass. 



The benzin and methyl alcohol soluble substances were 

 slightly darkened by strong hot hydrochloric acid, but by continual 

 heating formed a spongy mass of a lighter color. All substances 

 except the ether-insoluble were at first colored green, then black 

 by strong alkalies. Various shades of green, and black were ob- 

 tained, the shades varying with the concentration of the alkali 

 and of the substance in alcohol or ether. Barium and calcium 

 hydroxides produced the same effect though in a minor degree. 



When heated with dry potassium hydroxide the substances 

 furnished vapors that changed red litmus to blue, but gave no 

 odor of ammonia. However the pyrrol reaction was obtained 

 when a pine shaving was moistened with hydrochloric acid and 

 held in the vapors. All of the above were tested for nitrogen 

 by the Lassaigne test but with negative results". 



The pyrrol reaction was also obtained by boiling the sub- 

 stance with a strong solution of potassium hydroxide but the 

 reaction was not as vigorous, and long-continued heat would be 

 necessary to convert all the nitrogen into pyrrol. This is proven 

 by the fact that the black precipitate still gave the pyrrol reaction, 

 though formed by heating these substances with $% potassium 

 hydroxide for two hours on the steam bath. 



ANALYSIS OF SEPARATED CONSTITUENTS. 



The methyl alcohol soluble substance was spread on glass 

 and placed in the drying oven. After several days it was suffi- 

 ciently dry to be removed from the glass with a knife. The 

 shavings were not brittle, but were cut into small pieces and 

 returned to the oven where they remained for two weeks before 

 they could be pulverized. The particles were hard and electric 

 but by constant moistening with a mixture of alcohol and ether 

 they were finally powdered. The powder was placed in a nar- 

 row tube and percolated with ether which dissolved a small 

 amount. The ether was evaporated and the residue again spread 

 on glass when in a few hours it became insoluble. This was 

 doubtless part of the substance which had been prevented from 

 drying by the surrounding particles. Some of the powder was 

 ignited, after which a little ash was left. The remainder was 



" See tests for Nitrogen under gums. 



