CANADA 



Canada is an immense country, something similar in size to the 

 Continent of Europe. It contains 3,745,574 square miles, and 

 extends from the Atlantic seaboard to the Pacific coast, and from 

 the international boundary line on the south to the Arctic Sea in the 

 far North. Its chief industry is agriculture, based on a system of 

 occupying ownership. Agriculture employs more people than all 

 other Canadian industries combined, and the value of agricultural 

 produce is greater than the value of the aggregate of all other 

 products. The agricultural belt from which Canada thus reaps her 

 greatest harvest crosses the country in a track 3500 miles long and 

 several hundred miles broad, and it divides itself into well marked 

 out areas. 



I. Maritime Provinces 



Maritime Canada consists of Prince Edward Island, Nova 

 Scotia, and New Brunswick. Prince Edward Island has a popula- 

 tion of 103,259, and a superficial area of 2184 square miles. Of 

 this, 503,579 acres are under agricultural crops, 6077 acres under 

 orchards and gardens, and 284,741 acres under pasture. The chief 

 products of the Island are — hay, oats, wheat, and potatoes. Dairy 

 products are now coming to the front and will bulk largely in the 

 agricultural returns of the future. Nova Scotia is less densely 

 populated and much greater in extent. It has a population of 

 459,574, and a superficial area of 21,428 square miles, about one- 

 third of which is in forest. There are 883,472 acres under ordinary 

 agricultural crops, 54,051 acres in orchards and gardens, and 

 1,135,246 acres in pasture. The main crops are — hay, oats, wheat, 

 turnips, potatoes, and fruit. New Brunswick is more sparsely 

 populated, but it is much more extensive than either of the other 

 two provinces. The population is 331,120, and the area 28,000 

 square miles. Of this, 1,087,626 acres are in agricultural crops, 

 16,290 acres in orchards and gardens, and 689,681 acres in pasture. 

 Hay, oats, potatoes, and buckwheat predominate. Dairying and 

 fruit-growing are promising to develop. In all three provinces a 

 limited trade is carried on in draught horses, cattle, sheep, and 

 pigs. Mining in Nova Scotia and lumbering in New Brunswick 

 are important industries. 



2. Quebec and Ontario 



Quebec and Ontario are the original Canada. The former has 

 a population of 1,648,898, and an area of 341,756 square miles, 

 more than half of which is forest and woodland. There are 



