ON AGRICULTURE TO CANADA 147 



st rated the great advantage of the process. They also, by the very 

 simple plan of packing a thermograph in the train or ship along with 

 dairy produce, effectually supervise the refrigerating arrangements 

 made for its safe transportation by rail or sea. The record made \>v 

 the instrument affords precise evidence of the temperature main- 

 tained during transit. 



Even at the landing port in Britain the Canadian official stands 

 on watch lest the dairy produce of his country should be handled 

 in a way likely to lessen its value. 



In fact there is a complete chain of supervision from the time 

 that butter or cheese is shipped from the factories in Canada until 

 it is delivered to the importer in Great Britain. Every little defect 

 in packing, or in methods of shipping, is brought to the notice of 

 the responsible party, and the mere fact that inspectors clothed 

 with Government authority are on watch continually, has a most 

 excellent effect in toning up the services in every particular. This 

 kind of supervision is possible, because the Government pays sub- 

 sidies to the steamship companies for providing cold storage. 

 Without those payments, the Government would not have had the 

 consent of the steamship companies to place men on their ships 

 and on the docks to watch the work they were doing. The steam- 

 ship companies and other carriers recognise the usefulness of this 

 supervision and are desirous of having it continued even for their 

 own benefit, as they find that the work of these inspectors is most 

 effective in securing a proper discharge of duty on the part of their 

 own servants. The inspectors in Great Britain not only watch 

 the discharge of produce from the ships and report thereon, but they 

 supply information of any movement or circumstance which may 

 affect Canadian interests in the produce trade. The dairymen of 

 Canada have received many useful hints in this way. Some years 

 ago, the Government took up the question of the delay in the 

 removal of butter from the quays after discharge from the cold 

 storage chambers in the ships at London, Liverpool, and other 

 places. It was found that butter coming out of the cold storage 

 chambers was being left on the quays for several days, sometimes 

 for periods of four, five, six and seven days. The quality was un- 

 doubtedly injured very materially by being exposed to the high 

 temperature. After remonstrance, the practice of leaving butter 

 on the quay was abandoned. Not only that ; cold storage is now 

 provided in the dock sheds at London. Liverpool, and Bristol for 

 the reception of Canadian produce. 



Price of Milk 



Whether the factories are co-operative institutions or private 

 concerns, the price the farmer gets for his milk is practically the 

 same. It varies somewhat according to locality, but the net sum 

 realised after deducting all expenses including haulage is generally 

 between 4d. and -Ud. per gallon. 



