THE ART or THE SECOND GROWTH 



at 4,000 feet the Spruces and Firs (southernmost sentinels of moder- 

 ately cold zone) set in. 



b. South Atlantic Sub-region. It comprises the Eastern foot- 

 hills of the Alleghanies (Piedmont Plateau) and part of the Coastal 

 Plain. Temperature SVs degrees Faht. less, soil poorer, precipita- 

 tions less abundant than in the South Central sub-region, hence 

 much Pine (taeda, mitis, rigida, virginiana). Only ten Oak species; 

 White Cedar swamps; broad-leaved flora otherwise as in South 

 Central, but of rather inferior development. 



c. South Prairial Sub-region. Extending from the 92nd to the 

 102nd degree of longitude, the forest appears poorer than the annual 

 temperature and the annual rainfall seem to indicate; a discrepancy 

 between cause and eflFect, possibly due to forest fires. West of the 

 95th degree of longitude. Oak, Ash and Walnut occiir along rivers, 

 especially on Eastern banks. Oak also appears scattered through 

 the depressions. 



d. North Central Sub-region. Precipitations coming from 

 South as well as from North very abundant. Average winter 

 temperature 30 degrees Faht. Quick change of temperature. The 

 light-seeded, broad-leaved species reach maximum in this section. 

 White Pine and Hemlock, six Maples, five Birches, Elms, Lindens, 

 Ashes, Butternut, Red and White Oak compose the forest. 



e. North Atlantic Sub-region. Plenty of moisture, the moun- 

 tains being close to the seashore, but not so much as in Lake states. 

 Average winter temperature 34 degrees Faht. at seashore. Pinus 

 rigida and echinata. Beech, Birch, Chestnut, Maples, often replaced 

 by Poplar and Willow. Spruce sets in at altitude exceeding 1,000 

 feet, accompanied by Hemlock, White Cedar, Red Cedar, ^ATiite 

 Pine and Tamarack. 



f. North Prairial Sub-region. Dry summers, blizzardy winters 

 and more sandy soil. No Hemlock. Red Pine and Jack Pine 

 intruding from North. Scrub Oak openings. On best soil still good 

 development of Linden, Maple, Elm and Birch. \Miite Pine of 

 poorer quality than in sub-region " d."' 



IV. Eastern Evergreen Forest of the moderately cold zone. 



The majority of this zone lies in Canada, in the northern Lake 

 states and in Maine. . It occurs in North Carolina at 5,000 feet 

 elevation; in the Adirondacks at 2,000 feet; in Maine at sea level. 



The region occupies a big belt stretched across the continent, so 

 that the western and eastern flora join hands in it. A typical tree 

 of this region, the \Miite Spruce, often forms large pure forests. 

 25 



