THE ART OF THE SECOND GROWTH 



The cut is so scattering, that the soil is not sufficiently 

 " plowed " by the loggers. Hence it will not act as a ready seed-bed 

 (excepting the logging roads). 



In mixed woods composed of many species, only the most 

 valuable kind is usually withdrawn, and the small gaps made are 

 occupied by shade-bearing and often less A'aluable species. 



Beneath hypermature trees, the soil has frequently hardened 

 and defies any attemj^t of seedlings to establish themselves after 

 logging. 



The cleared selection type is almost invariably bastardized with 

 the shelterwood selection type and with the advance growth selec- 

 tion type. 



B. Actual application: 



In the tropics. Teak, Mahogany, Ebony, etc., are cut by selec- 

 tion, frequently regardless of the ettect which logging will have 

 on regeneration. 



In Europe, the type is found in the Fir forests owned by farm- 

 ers; in parks; in protective forests at the headwaters of rivers; 

 on very steep slopes dotted with Larch, in the Tyrol. 



In America, Yellow Poplar, Walnut, Cherry, White Oak, etc., 

 are cut by way of individual selection, — but with no regard to 

 reproduction. Also White Pine in the Spruce and Fir woods of the 

 Adirondacks (also in the hardwood forests of Michigan) where 

 it never succeeds, withdrawn alone, to reproduce its kind. 



C. Advantages: 



I. The water-storing power of the soil is generally well pre- 

 served imder this type. 



II. The second growth is never endangered by snow or drought 

 or frost or sleet; the old trees remaining do not suffer from storm 

 or sun scald. 



III. Small wood lots may yield a steady annual supply of 

 timber or wood under this type. 



IV. The type is well adapted to parks. 



D. Disadvantages: 



I. The operations are very scattering. Indeed, they cover con- 

 tinuously the entire forest or a large percentage thereof. Difl&- 

 eulty of supervision. Destruction of small trees unavoidable on 

 slopes. 



II. An intricate system of permanent roads is required, since 

 the axe returns every few years to the same compartment. If the 

 intervals of years are long — say from ten to twenty years — the 



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