THE ART OF THE SECOND GROWTH 



The so-called " hair-dressing " of groups, by which misshapen 

 and branchy growth is cut back, and the wave-form of groups is 

 maintained, may be seen in the Black Forest. 



B. Actual application: The shelterwood group type appears 

 to be a type of regeneration sometimes adopted by primeval nature 

 in Beech, Maple, Fir, Hemlock and Pine woods. 



As a sylvicultural method adapted to the woods of Germany, 

 the shelterwood group system has been fathered by Charles Gayer. 



It is a modern type of German n. s. r., applied especially in the 

 natural seed regeneration of Spruce and Beech. 



C. Advantages: 



I. The type grants the forester the utmost liberty of action, 

 by offering him a large number of points at which to start and at 

 which to continue his logging operations. 



II. In mixed forests, the system allows of fostering the most 

 valuable species and of checking the less desirable species or the 

 weed species. 



III. The type does not take any sylviculture chances. 



IV. The young growth is well protected against the usual 

 atmospheric dangers. 



V. The good qualities of the soil are carefully husbanded. 



D. Disadvantages: 



I. The type makes unusual demands on the personal and local 

 attention of the manager as well as of the staff, necessitating small 

 ranges and high administrative expenses. 



II. Mother trees at the leeward side of an enlarged group are 

 subject to dangers from storm; on the northeast side of a group 

 subject to dangers from sun scald. 



III. A large outlay is incurred for logging the trees owing to 

 the scattering character of the operations and owing to the care 

 required in felling and transportation, for the benefit of both young 

 and old growth. 



IV. In the case of very large trees, covering by their crowns 

 as much as 500 to 1,000 square feet, the removal of an individual 

 tears too big a hole into the forest and enlarges the group too 

 rapidly at a stroke. 



V. The type does not allow of the removal of hypermature trees 

 with proper expedition. Tliey are not removed but when the waves 

 of the group begin to touch their feet. 



VI. The soil in the proximity of white barked trees bordering 

 a group is scorched by reflected sun rays. 



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