CALAMUS. 12$ 



scattered wood-bundles, the latter crowded within the 

 subcircular endoderm. It has an aromatic odor, and a 

 strongly bitter taste. 



Histology.— The cross-section reveals an outer zone, 

 about I to 3 mm., covered on the outside with 

 a thin epidermis, and enclosing an inner cylinder con- 

 taining numerous vascular bundles. The underlying 

 tissue resembles coUenchyma, which on the inner part 



Fig. 27. — Calamus Rhizomb. 



Cross-section: 5, Starch-filled parenchymatic cells; i, intercellular 



spaces; o, oil cells; gfb, fibro-vascular bundle; k, cambium. 



gives way entirely to loose-meshed parenchyma, which 

 encloses large cellular spaces. The inner parts of the 

 exoderm, and of the central tissue, consist simply of one- 

 layered cell sheets which separate the long cell spaces 

 which extend in the direction of the axis. Together with 

 each string or sheet of cells, there is a nearly spherical oil 

 cell. The adjoining parenchyma is filled with granules 

 of starch, which is mixed with, or accompanied by tannic 



