INSECTS OF THE CAVE. 13 



turbed, clinging to the ceiling, upon which they walked easily; 

 they would leap away from approaching footsteps, but stop at a 

 cessation of the noise, turning about and swaying their long an- 

 tennae in a most ludicrous manner, in the direction whence the 

 disturbance had proceeded ; the least noise would increase their 

 tremulousness, while they were unconcerned at distant motions, 

 unaccompanied by sound, even though producing a sensible cur- 

 rent of air ; neither did the light of the lamp appear to disturb 

 them ; their eyes, and those of the succeeding species (J2. stygia) 

 are perfectly formed throughout, and they could apparently see 

 with ease, for they jump away from the slowly approaching hand, 

 so as to necessitate rapidity of motion in seizing them." 



Mr. Henry Edwards has discovered a wingless grasshopper in a 

 limestone cave at Collingwood, Massacre Bay, Middle Island, New 



Fig. 126. 



Jfadenoecus subterraneus. 



Zealand. Says Mr. Scudder, who has described the species in the 

 "Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History^' (Vol. 

 xii, 1869, p. 408) under the name Hadencecus Edwardsii^ "the 

 cave is close to the sea shore, and near a very large coal deposit, 

 which occasionally crops out in the interior. The Hadenceci were 

 rather numerous, but very difficult to catch, disappearing in the 

 crevices of the rocks on the approach of lights. They appeared 

 to be most abundant near the streams of water which percolated 

 through the rocks." The wingless grasshopper of the European 

 caves is the Hadenoecus palpatus Scudder, first described by Sulzer 

 under the name Locusta palpata. 



The Thysanurous Neuroptera are represented by a species of 

 Machilis, allied to our common Macliilis variabilis Say, common in 

 Kentucky and the middle and southern states. So far as Tell- 



