56 SYNOPSIS OF THE FAMILY HETEROPYGII. 



Nostrils double. Anterior tubular and standing out from the end of 

 the snout. 



Stomach well defined, coecal. 



Pytoric appendages present. 



Intestine with two turns. 



Anus situated under the throat and forward of the pectorals. 



Ovary single. (Placed by the side of the stomach in Amblyopsis 

 and Typhlichthys and behind it in Chologaster.) 



Viviparous. (Amblyopsis.) 



Testes paired. (Amblyopsis.) 



Air bladder with pneumatic duct. (Amblyopsis.) 



Liver with the left lobe very large and partially enclosing the 

 stomach. 



Amblyopsis DEK.AY, Fishes of New York, p. 187, 1842. 



Eyes rudimentary and imbedded under the skin. 



Head with numerous transverse and longitudinal rows of sensitive 

 papilla3 provided with nerve branches, many of the nerve branches 

 terminating as free filaments outside the papilla3. Small granula- 

 tions on tlie spaces between the papillary ridges. Canals under the 

 skin. 



Teeth minute, curved, and arranged in rows on the intermaxillary, 

 inferior maxillary and palatine bones. 



Body with a prominent papilla just over the opercular opening, at 

 the base of a small papillary ridge, similar to those on the head. 

 Papillary ridges on sides of body of same character as those on the 

 head, and arranged at nearly equal distances from opercular opening 

 to base of caudal fin. 



Pyloric appendages, one on each side. 



Ovary situated on the right side of the stomach. 



Fins. Ventrals small and placed near the anal fin. Dorsal, 9. 

 Anal, 9. Pectoral, 11. Ventral, 4. Caudal, 24. 



Amblyopsis spelseus DEIYAY. LAEGE BLINDFISH. 



CRAIGE, Procd. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., i, p. 175, 1842. DEKAY, Fishes N. Y., p. 

 187, 1842. WYMAN, Amer. Jour. Sci., xlv, p. 94, 1843; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xii, p. 

 298., 1843. THOMPSON, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., xiii, p. Ill, 1844. TELLKAMPF, M til- 

 ler's Arch. f. Anat., p. 392,1844; N. Y. Jour. Medicine, v, p. 84, with plate, giving 

 three figs, of the fish ; position of internal organs ; brain ; stomach ; air bladder; scale 

 (profile view gives the fish without ventral fins, but ventral view shows them), 1845. 

 STOKER, Synopsis N. A. Fish, p. 435, 1846. OWEN, Lect. Comp. Anat. Fishes, pp. 

 175, 202 (fig. of brain), 1840. WYMAN, Procd. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 349, 1850 

 "DALTON, N. Y. Medical Times, ii, p. 354, 18." AGASSIZ, Amer. Jour. Sci. xi. p.128, 

 1851. WYMAN, Procd. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., iv, p. 395 (1853), 1854; v, p. 18, 1854; 

 Amer. Jour. Sci., xvii, p. 259, 1854 (with figs, of brain, eye, and otolite). GIRAKD, 

 Proc. Nat. Sci. Philad., p. 63, 1859. POEY, Mem. de Cuba, ii, p. 101, Pis. 9, 11 

 (outlines of fish and of brain), 1858. WOOD, 111. Nat. Hist., iii, p. 314, figure. 

 1862. TENNEY, Nat. Hist., p. 344, figure. 1865. GttNTHER, Cat. Fish Brit. Museum, 

 vii, p. 2, 1868. COPE, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., viii. p. 368, 1871. PUTNAM, Amer. Nat., 



