THE FLOWERING PLANTS. 23 



peltatum), Spring Beauty (Claytonia Virginica), Wood 

 Sorrel (Oxalis acetosella), St. John's Wort (Hypericum 

 perforatum), Wild Geranium (Geranium maculatum), 

 some varieties of the House Geranium (Pelargonium), 

 or any other wild or cultivated flower, selected by the 

 teacher, may be used in this study. Consult Gray's 

 "School and Field Botany," pp. 79-104, for the plan of 

 a typical flower and the names of the various parts. 



Find in the flower studied and represent by outline 

 drawings a sepal, petal, stamen, pistil, torus. The sepals 

 constitute the calyx; the petals, the corolla. On the 

 drawing of the stamen, letter to show the filament, anther, 

 and the dehiscence of the anther, i.e., the manner in which 

 it splits open to discharge the pollen. Examine under 

 the high power of the compound microscope as many 

 different kinds of pollen as you find. See Gra} r 's " School 

 and Field Botany," Figs. 309-318. On the drawing of 

 the pistil, letter to show the ovary, style, and stigma. Cut 

 open the ovaries of several different flowers, both trans- 

 versely and longitudinally. Study them under a mag- 

 nifying glass and represent both sections in drawings, 

 making the ovules as distinct as possible. Also draw an 

 entire flower, showing all the parts as distinctly as possi- 

 ble, labeling each. 



A flower that has both stamens and pistils is a perfect 

 or hermaphrodite flower; one that has all the parts is a 

 complete flower. Many flowers are incomplete. Some lack 

 either sepals or petals ; others lack both, and are said to 

 be naked. Flowers that have stamens, but no pistils, are 

 staminate ; those having pistils, are pistillate. When both 

 staminate and pistillate flowers are borne on the same 

 plant, it is monoecious; when the staminate flowers are 

 borne on one plant and the pistillate on another, the plants 

 are dioecious. Other plants are polygamous, i.e., some of 

 the flowers are perfect, some pistillate, some staminate. 



